Electrosurgical Current Sensor Coil Design for Parasitic Capacitance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional current sensors in electrosurgical systems face challenges in accurately measuring current due to unwanted signal coupling via parasitic capacitances, leading to erroneous measurements, especially in electrosurgical procedures where precise control of energy delivery is crucial.

Innovation Solution

A current sensor coil configuration with an outer and inner coil, coupled with a conditioning circuit, is used to minimize parasitic capacitance effects by employing a shielding member and optimizing the placement of active and return leads, which reduces unwanted signal coupling and provides accurate current measurements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional current sensors are used in electrosurgical systems, then the device complexity is low, but measurement precision deteriorates due to parasitic capacitance coupling causing erroneous measurements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent measurement accuracyVSAvoidsensor structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The current sensor is divided into multiple functional segments: an outer coil for detecting total current, an inner coil for detecting common-mode current, and a conditioning circuit for signal processing. This segmentation allows each component to perform a specific function, improving measurement precision by isolating and eliminating parasitic capacitance effects through the differential measurement approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The inner coil acts as an intermediary element that detects the common-mode current component separately. By introducing this intermediate sensing mechanism, the system can identify and subtract parasitic capacitance coupling effects from the total current measurement, thereby improving accuracy without requiring complete redesign of the entire sensor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If shielding members and optimized lead placement are implemented, then measurement precision improves by reducing parasitic capacitance, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent sensing accuracyVSAvoidsensor component count
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The parasitic capacitance, which normally causes measurement errors, is converted into a useful signal by the inner coil. Instead of merely trying to eliminate parasitic capacitance through shielding, the design uses the inner coil to detect the common-mode current component caused by parasitic capacitance and subtracts it from the total measurement, transforming the harmful effect into a correctable parameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The sensor design changes the measurement parameter from a single total current measurement to a differential measurement between outer and inner coil signals. This parameter transformation allows the system to extract the differential-mode current component while eliminating the common-mode parasitic capacitance effects, improving measurement precision through mathematical processing of multiple signal parameters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If a differential signal output configuration is used, then measurement precision improves by canceling common-mode voltages, but device complexity increases due to additional circuit requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommon-mode rejectionVSAvoidconditioning circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The conditioning circuit processes the differential signal from the outer and inner coils by subtracting the inner coil signal from the outer coil signal. This feedback-based differential processing continuously cancels common-mode voltages and parasitic capacitance effects, maintaining high measurement precision across varying operating conditions without requiring complex external calibration systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively minimizes erroneous signals, ensuring accurate current sensing and improved precision in electrosurgical procedures by canceling common-mode voltages and reducing parasitic capacitance, thus enhancing the reliability of energy delivery control.

Implementation Method 1

a current sensor coil (602) configured to output a differential signal indicative of a current flowing through the active and return leads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic Induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3028656B1Electrosurgical sensors
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 COVIDIEN LP
  • EP3028656B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3028656B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3028656B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A sensor for sensing current includes a current sensor coil and at least one active lead and at least one return lead. The current sensor coil includes an outer coil and an inner coil coupled to and disposed within the outer coil. The at least one active lead and the at least one return lead pass through the current sensor coil opening. The current sensor coil is configured to output a differential signal indicative of a current within the at least one active lead and the at least one return lead.