Elevated Electrodes for Stable Free-Standing Ion-Liquid Gas Sensors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electrochemical gas sensors face challenges in achieving high sensing sensitivity due to electrolyte film instability and increased transport distance for gas molecules to react with electrodes, leading to reduced detection efficiency.

Innovation Solution

The device employs elevated working electrodes acting as pillar structures to maintain a stable free-standing ion-liquid film, reducing the distance between the electrolyte-gas interface and the electrode surface, and utilizing an interdigitated layout with varying electrode heights to enhance sensitivity and stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a free-standing ion-liquid film is used without support structures, then the device complexity is reduced, but the electrolyte film stability deteriorates due to film rupture

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidelectrolyte film stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The electrode is divided into a support structure portion (extending into the electrolyte film) and a sensing portion (at the top surface). This segmentation allows the support structure to provide mechanical stability to the free-standing film while the sensing portion maintains electrochemical functionality, resolving the contradiction between film stability and device simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The support structure acts as an intermediary element that provides mechanical support to the ion-liquid film without interfering with the electrochemical sensing process. It mediates between the need for film stability and the requirement for a simple free-standing configuration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If the electrode height is increased to reduce transport distance, then the sensing sensitivity is improved, but the electrode geometry becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensing sensitivityVSAvoidelectrode geometry complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The support structure and electrode are merged into a single integrated component. The support structure portion provides both mechanical support and electrical conduction, while the sensing portion at the top surface performs electrochemical detection. This merging achieves short transport distance for high sensitivity without requiring separate support structures, thus avoiding additional geometric complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Stability of the object's composition

If the ion-liquid film thickness is increased to improve stability, then the electrolyte film stability is improved, but the gas transport distance increases reducing sensitivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrolyte film stabilityVSAvoidsensing sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The electrode is segmented into support and sensing portions, allowing the sensing portion to be positioned at the top surface of the ion-liquid film. This enables the use of thicker ion-liquid films for stability while maintaining short transport distance from the gas-liquid interface to the electrode, thus preserving sensing sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The electrode extends in the vertical dimension into the ion-liquid film, creating a three-dimensional structure. This allows the sensing portion to be positioned optimally at the top surface for short transport distance, while the support structure provides stability throughout the film thickness, resolving the contradiction between film thickness and sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration increases the sensitivity of gas detection by minimizing film rupture and reducing the transport distance for gas molecules, resulting in improved detection efficiency, as demonstrated by higher current measurements compared to state-of-the-art sensors.

Implementation Method 1

a free-standing ion-liquid film covering a working electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

electrochemical reactions that occur in an electrochemical cell into which the gasses that need to be detected dissolve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP2827141B1Device and method for electrochemical gas sensing
Publication Date: 2019.09.18 STICHTING IMEC NEDERLAND
  • EP2827141B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2827141B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2827141B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Device (100) for electrochemical gas sensing, comprising a plurality of different electrodes (4, 5, 6, 9) on a substrate and a free-standing ionic-liquid electrolyte film (3) covering said electrodes, wherein at least two of those electrodes present a different distance (D) from its top surface (4a, 5a, 6a) to the electrolyte film surface (3a). An electronic system and a method for electrochemical gas sensing using said device is also described.