Elevator Rope Break Detection Using Single Sensor Vibration Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
In elevator systems, detecting wire breaks in ropes is complicated due to the need for multiple sensors and signal lines across various sheaves, especially in 2:1 roping systems, leading to a complex configuration.
Innovation Solution
A break detection device that uses a sensor to extract vibration components in specific frequency bands, attenuates steady and progressively increasing vibrations to generate a determination signal, and determines the occurrence of wire breaks based on the car's position at the time of abnormal variations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple sensors are mounted at each sheave position to detect wire breaks, then detection coverage is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The single sensor mounted at the counterweight position serves multiple detection purposes: it detects wire breaks in the main rope, identifies the position of broken wires through vibration analysis, and eliminates the need for separate sensors at each sheave position. This multi-functional approach resolves the contradiction by maintaining comprehensive detection coverage while significantly reducing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses vibration signals as an intermediary to transmit information about wire breaks from different locations to a single detection point. The sensor at the counterweight detects vibrations caused by wire breaks anywhere in the system, and signal processing extracts location information, thereby eliminating the need for direct sensor contact at multiple sheave positions
2Measurement precision
If sensors are distributed across all sheaves including suspension sheaves, then detection precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the essential detection function from multiple distributed sensors and consolidates it into a single sensor system at the counterweight. By taking out only the necessary vibration detection capability and processing it centrally, the system maintains position identification precision while dramatically improving ease of operation by eliminating complex signal line connections across multiple sheaves
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of physically placing sensors at each sheave position, the system creates a virtual copy of the detection capability by analyzing vibration patterns that propagate through the rope system. The single sensor captures vibration information that represents the state of the entire rope system, allowing position identification without physical sensor duplication
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for the detection of wire breaks using a simple configuration, reducing the complexity of sensor placement and signal management, and accurately identifying broken wires without requiring numerous sensors.
Implementation Method 1
a sensor of which an output signal varies when vibration occurs in a main rope
Data Source
AI summary
A break detection device includes an extraction unit (22), an extraction unit (23), a detection unit (24), and a determination unit (26). The extraction unit (22) extracts, from an output signal from a sensor, a vibration component in a specific frequency band. The extraction unit (23) attenuates, from the vibration component extracted by the extraction unit (22), a steady vibration component and a progressively increasing vibration component to extract a determination signal. The detection unit (24) detects, on the basis of the determination signal, occurrence of an abnormal variation in the output signal from the sensor. The determination unit (26) determines whether or not a rope has a broken portion.