Embedded Controller Hardware Detection Through Single-Pin ADC Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing embedded controllers (ECs) in mobile information handling systems are limited by a lack of efficient and dynamic methods to determine hardware characteristics, often relying on static determinations and underutilizing programmable input/output pins.
Innovation Solution
An encoder is used to generate an analog signal from a multi-bit indicator associated with a hardware resource, processed by an embedded controller (EC) via an ADC pin, enabling dynamic detection and response to changes in hardware characteristics, utilizing a resistor network to provide distinct impedance for each permissible value.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple EC pins are used to implement hardware detection functionality, then the detection capability and hardware characteristics determination is improved, but the device complexity and pin count requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple detection functions into a single EC pin by using an encoder circuit that converts multi-bit hardware identifiers into analog voltage levels. The encoder merges the functionality of multiple pins into one, allowing the EC to detect various hardware characteristics (CPU type, GPU type, storage capacity, etc.) through a single analog signal input, thereby reducing pin count while maintaining detection versatility
Solution Approach 2:
The encoder acts as an intermediary between the hardware resources and the EC. Instead of directly connecting multiple hardware identifiers to multiple EC pins, the encoder circuit translates the digital hardware identifiers into analog voltage signals that can be read by a single EC pin, serving as a mediator that reduces the interface complexity
2Adaptability or versatility
If static determination methods are used for hardware characteristics, then the EC design is simpler, but the adaptability to dynamic hardware changes and real-time response is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamic detection capability by using an encoder that can be reconfigured through software to detect different hardware characteristics. The EC can dynamically change its detection parameters and response actions based on real-time hardware conditions, transitioning from static factory-set determinations to dynamic, programmable hardware characterization
Solution Approach 2:
The system enables parameter changes by allowing the EC to modify its detection and response parameters based on the encoded hardware identifiers. The EC can change its operational parameters dynamically according to the detected hardware characteristics, such as adjusting performance thresholds, power management settings, or error tolerance levels based on the specific CPU, GPU, or storage configuration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and dynamic determination of hardware characteristics, allowing the EC to perform responsive actions based on current hardware conditions, optimizing resource utilization and functionality.
Implementation Method 1
The encoder may be implemented as a passive circuit, such as a resistor network, configured to exhibit a distinct impedance for each permissible value of the multi-bit indicator
Implementation Method 2
The EC may include a plurality of programmable I/O pins including one or more analog to digital converter (ADC) pins coupled to ADC circuity of the EC
Data Source
AI summary
A disclosed system includes a central processing unit (CPU), a system memory, an embedded controller (EC) and an encoder. The encoder is configured to receive a multi-bit indicator associated with a hardware resource and generate an analog signal indicative of the indicator. The EC is configured to receive and process the analog signal to obtain the indicator and to perform an action determined based on the indicator. The EC may include programmable I/O pins including one or more analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pins. In at least one embodiment, a single ADC pin of the EC is used to receive the analog signal. In at least one embodiment, the multi-bit indicator includes a minimum of three and a maximum of five bits. In these embodiments, the single pin of the EC is able to resolve 8 to 32 different values of the multi-bit indicator.