Circuit Configuration for EMC Interference Elimination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing EMC circuit arrangements with large capacitors for damping cause high charging currents, leading to power losses due to the integration of current-limiting elements in the energy circuit, which is inefficient for power networks with limited current consumption.
Innovation Solution
A circuit arrangement with a damping member and a current-limiting element connected in series, allowing the current-limiting element to be bridged by a switch during operation, preventing power losses by removing it from the energy circuit, and utilizing a controller to manage the charging and operating states.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large capacity capacitor is used as a damping member for EMC interference elimination, then the electromagnetic compatibility is improved, but the charging current becomes excessively high causing power losses
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit performs preliminary charging of the capacitor with current limitation during startup, then transitions to a bypass mode during normal operation. The controller charges the capacitor to a predetermined voltage level before activating the bypass element, eliminating the need for continuous current limitation and preventing ongoing power losses.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit dynamically switches between two operational states: a charging state where the current-limiting element is active, and an operating state where a bypass element activates to short-circuit the current-limiting element. This dynamic transition allows the system to optimize performance during different phases of operation.
2Use of energy by moving object
If a current-limiting element is integrated in the energy circuit to restrict charging current, then the charging current is limited to tolerable levels, but permanent power losses are generated during operation
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit segments the current-limiting function into two distinct phases: startup phase where the current-limiting element restricts charging current, and operational phase where the bypass element activates to eliminate the current-limiting element from the energy path. This segmentation allows current limitation only when necessary without continuous power loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit temporarily uses the current-limiting element during capacitor charging, then discards it from the active energy path by activating the bypass element. The current-limiting element is effectively removed from the circuit during normal operation, eliminating permanent power losses while maintaining charging current control during the initial phase.
3Reliability
If the damping member is connected in parallel to the consumer, then the EMC interference is eliminated effectively, but the charging current loads the power supply network excessively
Solution Approach 1:
The controller performs preliminary charging of the parallel-connected capacitor with limited current, then activates the bypass element to maintain the capacitor in a charged state without continuous current draw. This preliminary charging action ensures the capacitor is ready for EMC interference elimination while preventing excessive ongoing current consumption from the power supply network.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution achieves high electromagnetic compatibility with minimal power loss, optimizing EMC interference elimination while avoiding permanent power losses during operation by isolating the current-limiting element from the energy circuit.
Implementation Method 1
The capacitor is used here as a buffer or damper for possible current peaks
Implementation Method 2
the charging current in the supply line is restricted by the current-limiting element
Implementation Method 3
provision is made for the current-limiting element to be bridgeable by means of a switch, in particular a transistor
Data Source
AI summary
A circuit configuration is disclosed for eliminating EMC interference, and a device includes such a circuit configuration, where a damping member is connected to at least one supply line leading to the consumer or consumers. In at least one embodiment optimal elimination of EMC interference of the electrical consumer or consumers is ensured, and overloading the power supply grid is avoided. To this end, in at least one embodiment the damping member is connected in series with a current-limiting element and can be connected to the consumer in parallel. It is thus possible to compensate for the effect of the current-limiting element and short-circuit said element for the operating state by way of a switch, whereby the element does not cause any loss of power outside of the power circuits and nevertheless has a current-limiting, that is, grid-friendly, effect during the power-up and charging process.