Emergency Call Routing via GMLC Location Determination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Emergency calls from mobile devices in IP-based wireless networks face challenges in accurately routing to the correct emergency response center due to the lack of fixed location information, complicating the dispatch of emergency services.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that utilizes Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) messages to route emergency calls by determining the geographical location of the mobile device through a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) and forwarding the call to the appropriate Public Safety Access Point (PSAP) or emergency response center based on the device's location, ensuring correct routing of emergency calls.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If mobile devices are used for emergency calls, then mobility and flexibility are improved, but the ability to determine caller location and route to correct emergency response center deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) as an intermediary component that mediates between the mobile device and the emergency response center. The GMLC receives location information from the mobile device's serving network and provides this information to the emergency call routing system, enabling correct routing without requiring the mobile device to directly provide location data.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary location determination by having the GMLC obtain location information from the serving network before the emergency call is fully established. This preliminary action ensures that location data is already available when the call needs to be routed, eliminating the need for real-time location determination during the emergency call setup.
2Reliability
If traditional telephone network routing is used, then emergency call routing to correct response center is ensured, but the system cannot handle mobile devices with changing locations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic routing system that adapts to mobile devices by obtaining current location information from the serving network through the GMLC. Unlike static traditional routing that relies on fixed telephone locations, this system dynamically determines the mobile device's current location and routes the emergency call to the appropriate response center based on real-time location data.
Solution Approach 2:
The GMLC serves multiple functions: it acts as a location server for emergency calls, a routing director, and an interface between the mobile network and emergency response system. This multi-functional component enables the system to handle both traditional fixed-line emergency calls and mobile device emergency calls through a unified architecture.
3Measurement precision
If location determination is performed in real-time during emergency call, then accurate location is achieved, but call setup time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs location determination as a preliminary action before the emergency call is fully established. The GMLC obtains location information from the serving network in advance, so that when the emergency call needs to be routed, the location data is already available. This eliminates the need for time-consuming real-time location determination during the critical call setup phase.
Data Source
AI summary
An E-CSCF receives a Session Initiation Protocol (“SIP”) invitation message initiating an emergency communication session from a calling device. The E-CSCF generates an information request message based on the received SIP message and sends the information request message to a location server. The location server determines a geographical location of the calling device and uses the geographical location to determine a destination emergency response center, such as a Public Safety Access Point (PSAP). The location server provides location information for the destination PSAP to the E-CSCF. The E-CSCF generates a modified SIP invitation message using the presence information and sends the modified SIP invitation message to an emergency services network where it is routed to the emergency response center.