Optical Head Mapping for Emergency Ventricular Drain Guidance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ventricular drain placement methods, particularly in emergency situations, lack efficient guidance without the need for complex medical imaging like X-ray or MRI, and often require manual determination of the optimal route, which can be time-consuming and less precise.
Innovation Solution
A guiding device and system utilizing optical sensor-based image data to generate a head shape, map it with pre-determined datasets, and provide a spatially assigned trajectory for ventricular drain placement, enabling marker-free and efficient guidance through augmented or virtual reality visualization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If complex medical imaging like X-ray or MRI is used for ventricular drain placement guidance, then measurement precision and trajectory accuracy are improved, but device complexity and procedure time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a three-dimensional optical copy of the patient's head surface using optical sensors and generates a corresponding internal structure model. This optical copy serves as a simplified representation that captures essential geometric information for trajectory planning without requiring complex medical imaging, thus achieving accurate guidance while reducing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex medical imaging systems (X-ray, MRI) with optical sensing systems that use light-based measurement. This substitution uses optical fields instead of electromagnetic radiation or mechanical scanning, simplifying the imaging apparatus while maintaining the capability to generate accurate three-dimensional models for surgical guidance
2Measurement precision
If pre-operative CT data and medical imaging techniques are used for ventricular drain placement, then trajectory accuracy is improved, but loss of time and workflow efficiency worsen in emergency situations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-generates multiple datasets of head shapes with associated optimal trajectories stored in a database before the surgical procedure. During the emergency procedure, the system only needs to capture the patient's head geometry and match it against the pre-computed datasets, eliminating the time-consuming steps of acquiring and processing new medical imaging data while maintaining accurate trajectory guidance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic matching process that quickly compares the captured patient head geometry against multiple pre-stored head shape datasets to identify the best match. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to rapidly determine the optimal trajectory for the specific patient without requiring time-consuming pre-operative imaging and planning sessions
3Ease of operation
If manual determination of the best optimal route via the Kocher point is performed, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision and trajectory accuracy worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent provides visual feedback by projecting the determined optimal trajectory onto the patient's head surface using an output interface. This allows the surgeon to verify the computed trajectory against the actual head geometry and make adjustments if needed, combining the computational accuracy of image processing with the practical advantages of manual verification and control
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to ventricular drain placement. In order to provide improved guidance in ventricular drain placement for emergency situations, a guiding device (10) for emergency ventricular drain placement is provided comprising an image data input (12), a data processor (14) and an output interface (16). The image data input provides optical sensor-based image data of a head of a subject. The data processor generates an optical shape of the head based on the image data and provides a plurality of datasets of heads with different head shapes, wherein each dataset comprises a spatially assigned trajectory for a ventricular drain placement for the respective head shape. The data processor maps the generated optical shape of the head with at least two of the head shapes of the plurality of datasets and determine a best matching head shape of the dataset and further selects the respective assigned trajectory. The output interface provides a projection of the selected assigned trajectory in spatial relation to the head of the subject as adapted guiding path for ventricular drain placement for the subject based on the mapping of the generated optical shape of the head and the determined best matching head shape.