Emergency Start Charging Circuit With PWM Adaptation to Charger Deviations
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing automotive emergency start power supply charging systems require specific charger parameters, leading to inefficiencies and potential damage when chargers deviate from these specifications, resulting in either insufficient charging or low efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A charging system with an inductor, switches, voltage acquisition circuit, and control circuit that dynamically adjusts switch states based on real-time voltage to stabilize output, using MOS transistors and PWM control for synchronous or asynchronous boost/buck conversions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If dedicated charging management chips with fixed parameters are used, then charging stability is improved, but charging efficiency and adaptability deteriorate when charger power deviates from designed specifications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic parameter adjustment by using a control circuit that continuously monitors charging parameters and dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of PWM signals to optimize charging efficiency. The system transitions from fixed parameters to dynamic adaptation, allowing the charging management chip to adjust operating parameters in real-time based on actual charging conditions, thereby resolving the contradiction between stability and efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters by adjusting the duty cycle of PWM signals and modifying charging current/voltage parameters dynamically. The control circuit adjusts these parameters based on feedback from voltage acquisition circuits and current detection, enabling the system to adapt to different charger power levels and maximize charging efficiency while maintaining stability through controlled parameter variations.
2Reliability
If charger power is less than designed charging power, then device safety is improved through protection mechanisms, but charging functionality deteriorates due to inability to charge normally
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by using voltage acquisition circuits to continuously monitor charging voltage and current detection circuits to monitor charging current. The control circuit receives this feedback information and adjusts the duty cycle accordingly, enabling the system to recognize when charger power is insufficient and adaptively adjust parameters to maintain charging functionality while ensuring device safety through controlled parameter adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts charging parameters based on actual charger power levels. When charger power is less than designed power, the control circuit dynamically reduces the duty cycle and adjusts charging current/voltage to match the available power, thereby maintaining charging functionality rather than triggering protection mechanisms that would stop charging entirely.
3Speed
If charger power is greater than designed charging power, then charging speed is improved, but charging efficiency deteriorates due to inability to maximize charger power utilization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts charging parameters dynamically by modifying the duty cycle of PWM signals based on the actual charger power input. When charger power exceeds designed power, the control circuit increases the duty cycle to maximize power transfer, thereby improving charging speed while maintaining efficiency by ensuring that the energy from the high-power charger is fully utilized rather than wasted.
Solution Approach 2:
The system accepts and utilizes excessive charger power by adjusting the duty cycle to allow more energy transfer than originally designed. The control circuit enables partial use of the excess power capacity, converting what would be wasted energy into useful charging power, thereby improving both charging speed and efficiency simultaneously.
4Device complexity
If fixed charging parameters are used, then circuit design simplicity is improved, but adaptability to different charger specifications deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multi-functionality by enabling the charging management chip to operate with chargers of different power specifications through dynamic parameter adjustment. The control circuit provides universal compatibility by adapting to various charger power levels (5V/2A, 9V/2A, 12V/1.5A, etc.) using the same hardware circuit, thereby achieving broad charger compatibility without increasing hardware complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system achieves adaptability through self-service mechanisms where the control circuit automatically detects charger power levels and adjusts charging parameters without user intervention. The voltage acquisition circuits and current detection circuits provide feedback that enables the system to self-adjust, eliminating the need for complex manual configuration or multiple dedicated circuits for different charger types.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Stabilizes output voltage and current, maximizing charging efficiency and safety by adapting to charger deviations, preventing damage and ensuring consistent power delivery.
Implementation Method 1
The control circuit is electrically connected to the first voltage acquisition circuit and a control terminal of the first switch respectively, and the control circuit cyclically controls a switch on/off time of the first switch based on the first voltage
Implementation Method 2
A charging system with an inductor, switches, voltage acquisition circuit, and control circuit that dynamically adjusts switch states based on real-time voltage to stabilize output, using MOS transistors and PWM control for synchronous or asynchronous boost/buck conversions
Implementation Method 3
A charging system with an inductor, switches, voltage acquisition circuit, and control circuit that dynamically adjusts switch states based on real-time voltage to stabilize output
Implementation Method 4
using MOS transistors and PWM control for synchronous or asynchronous boost/buck conversions
Data Source
AI summary
A charging system includes a charging input interface, an inductor, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage acquisition circuit, and a control circuit. The charging input interface is connected to the inductor, which is connected to the first switch and the second switch. The second switch is configured for electrical connection with an energy storage power supply. The first voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the second switch and configured to detect the first voltage output by the charging system in real time. The control circuit cyclically controls the switch on/off time of the first switch based on the first voltage. During the charging process of the charging system, when the first voltage is less than the first preset voltage value, the control circuit controls the first switch to conduct and starts cyclic control. The state of the first switch is opposite to that of the second switch.