Flexible EMG-to-PFE Interconnects for Router Port Allocation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing forwarding planes in routers and switches lack flexibility in allocating packet forwarding engines (PFEs) to Ethernet MAC groups, restricting the ability to configure different numbers of ports and speeds per PFE, which is desired by network operators for various roles such as access, core, and edge aggregation.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a system where Ethernet MAC groups can be dynamically allocated to PFEs through configurable interconnect data links, allowing PFEs to use Ethernet MACs based on the number of interface descriptors (IFDs) and enabling flexible configuration of PFE roles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If static allocation of Ethernet MAC groups to PFEs is used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility in allocating PFEs to Ethernet MAC groupsVSAvoidcomplexity of configurable interconnect data links
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic allocation of Ethernet MAC groups to PFEs through configurable interconnect data links. The system allows the association between EMG modules and PFEs to be changed over time based on operational requirements, transforming a static hardware allocation into a dynamic, reconfigurable system that adapts to different networking roles and traffic patterns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The configurable interconnect data links enable a single PFE to serve multiple Ethernet MAC groups at different times, and each EMG module can be associated with different PFEs based on configuration. This universal interface design allows the same hardware components to fulfill multiple functions and roles, increasing system versatility without proportionally increasing hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If fixed number of ports per PFE is used, then manufacturing precision is improved, but adaptability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconfiguration of different numbers of ports and speeds per PFEVSAvoidfixed allocation of Ethernet MACs to PFEs
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system allows dynamic change of operational parameters including the number of ports, port speeds, and the association between EMG modules and PFEs. Configuration parameters such as bandwidth allocation, port aggregation settings, and PFE-EMG mapping can be adjusted based on traffic requirements, enabling the same hardware to operate with different port configurations and speed settings without physical reconfiguration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If dynamic allocation of Ethernet MAC groups to PFEs is implemented, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveutilization efficiency of Ethernet MACsVSAvoidconfigurable interconnect data links system
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the control functionality for configuring interconnect data links into the existing routing engine and control plane software. The configuration mechanisms are integrated with the control plane's existing capabilities for managing forwarding tables and interface configurations, allowing dynamic allocation to be controlled through software without adding separate dedicated hardware control systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4687335A1Methods for configuring flexible mac group to packet forwarding engine (PFE) connections, and devices with flexible mac group to PFE connections
Publication Date: 2026.02.04 JUNIPER NETWORKS INC
  • EP4687335A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4687335A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4687335A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A data forwarding device includes a plurality of Ethernet MAC group (EMG) modules, each servicing a group of one or more Ethernet ports, a plurality of packet forwarding engines (PFEs), each configured adapted to process packets received from one or more of the EMG modules, and a set of configurable interconnect data links between at least one of the EMGs and at least one of the PFEs. A configuration input for configuring the set of configurable interconnect data links is received (e.g., from user interface), and applied such that a set of one or more PFEs receives packets from a set of one or more EMG modules, via one or more of the configurable interconnect data links, in accordance with the configuration input received.