Encoded Microparticles with Spatial Segmentation for High Codespace
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for producing encoded microparticles face limitations such as insufficient codespace, high cost, inadequate precision, poor performance in applications, and complicated preprocessing or assay procedures, which hinder their widespread use in bioassays and other applications.
Innovation Solution
The development of encoded microparticles with spatially coded structures, comprising a first material with discrete segments aligned along an axis and a second transparent material for detection, allowing for the formation and release of microparticles with unique codes that can be detected from all directions, enabling high-density coding and efficient bioassay processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If conventional methods (fragmented colored laminates, quantum dot loaded polymer beads, rare-earth doped glass microbarcodes) are used to produce encoded microparticles, then identification capability is provided, but codespace is insufficient and manufacturing cost is high
Solution Approach 1:
The microparticle is segmented into multiple discrete segments (2-20 segments) arranged in specific patterns along one or more axes. Each segment can have different optical properties (absorption, fluorescence, scattering), enabling combinatorial coding schemes that dramatically expand codespace. The segmentation allows each particle to carry a unique identification code through the spatial arrangement and properties of its segments.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from conventional 1D or 2D barcodes to 3D spatially-resolved segment arrangements within spherical particles. By utilizing radial, azimuthal, and depth dimensions, the system encodes information in three-dimensional space, exponentially increasing the number of distinguishable codes. Multiple segments can be arranged in complex 3D configurations that are readable from various angles.
2Measurement precision
If conventional encoded microparticles are used, then identification is provided, but precision and accuracy of identification are inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The detection system incorporates feedback mechanisms to verify code reading accuracy. The system can detect the presence, position, and optical properties of multiple segments and cross-validate the decoded information. Error correction algorithms compare the observed segment patterns against the expected codespace, identifying and correcting reading errors to ensure high identification accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
Different segments within the same particle can have locally optimized properties tailored to specific detection requirements. Some segments may have high absorption coefficients for certain wavelengths, while others have strong fluorescence or scattering properties. This local quality differentiation enhances the signal-to-noise ratio and improves detection precision.
3Ease of operation
If complex preprocessing procedures are used for conventional encoded particles, then identification is achieved, but assay procedures become complicated and productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The encoded microparticles are designed to be self-identifying through their intrinsic optical properties. The segments naturally interact with incident light (absorption, fluorescence, scattering) without requiring external labeling or complex preparation. The particles can be directly introduced into assays and detected in suspension, eliminating the need for surface attachment procedures, fixed orientation alignment, or complex preprocessing steps.
Solution Approach 2:
The segmented microparticle design provides a universal identification platform that can be integrated with multiple detection modalities (optical microscopy, flow cytometry, image analysis). The same particle structure serves both identification and assay functions, allowing multiplexed applications where different segment patterns encode different reagents, targets, or experimental conditions within a single assay workflow.
Data Source
AI summary
Microparticles including spatially coded microparticles, systems for imaging and methods of detecting such microparticles as well as using the same in bioassays are provided.