Encoder and Decoder Motion Vector Compression for Compact Storage

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge is to reduce memory capacity for storing motion vector information while maintaining reasonable motion vector representation and precision.

Innovation Solution

A motion vector compression method is introduced, which involves obtaining a temporal motion vector and determining a compressed motion vector using a binary representation with an exponent part and a mantissa part. The method includes performing bit shift operations based on the exponent or mantissa parts to obtain the compressed motion vector, allowing for efficient storage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If full precision motion vector storage is used, then motion vector representation accuracy is maintained, but memory capacity requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemotion vector representation accuracyVSAvoidmemory capacity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The motion vector is segmented into two parts: a first part containing the most significant bits (MSBs) and a second part containing the least significant bits (LSBs). This segmentation allows selective storage of only the necessary precision level, reducing memory requirements while maintaining adequate motion vector representation accuracy for temporal motion vector prediction.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts and stores only the essential information from the motion vector by retaining the first part (MSBs) and discarding or reducing the second part (LSBs). This extraction approach eliminates redundant information while preserving the core functionality needed for accurate motion compensation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Quantity of substance

If motion vector data is compressed, then memory capacity is reduced, but motion vector precision may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvememory capacityVSAvoidmotion vector precision

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

Different parts of the motion vector are treated with different quality levels. The first part (MSBs) is stored with full precision as it contains the most critical information for motion direction and magnitude. The second part (LSBs) is stored with reduced precision or discarded, as these bits contribute less to the overall motion vector accuracy for prediction purposes.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of storing the complete motion vector with full precision, the invention applies partial action by storing only the necessary first part and optionally the second part. This partial storage approach provides sufficient precision for temporal motion vector prediction while significantly reducing memory requirements.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentUS12348732B2Encoder, a decoder and corresponding methods using compact MV storage

Publication Date: 2025.07.01 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD

AI summary

The disclosure provides a motion vector compression method, comprising: obtaining a temporal motion vector; determining a compressed motion vector using a binary representation of the temporal motion vector comprising an exponent part and/or a mantissa part, wherein the exponent part comprises N bits, the mantissa part comprises M bits, and wherein N is a non-negative integer and M is a positive integer; and performing a temporal motion vector prediction (TMVP) using the compressed motion vector.