Rotary Encoder Eccentricity Compensation via Code-Disc Image Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current rotary encoders, such as end-of-shaft and hollow-shaft encoders, face limitations in accurately determining the radial position of a rotating axis, leading to imprecise angular position measurements due to eccentricity, which is often corrected through expensive and complex methods involving multiple sensors or manual visual inspection.

Innovation Solution

A method using a fixed light source and sensor with an annular code-disc surrounding the rotating element, featuring a two-dimensional regular pattern interlaced with an absolute code, to determine and compensate for eccentricity, allowing for precise angular and radial position measurement without the need for high-cost multi-sensor arrangements or manual alignment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If manual visual inspection with microscope is used to align reference code-disc, then manufacturing precision of angular position is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangular position precisionVSAvoidalignment procedure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The code disc automatically determines its own radial position and eccentricity by analyzing the image of its regular pattern captured by the sensor. The system performs self-alignment and self-correction without requiring manual intervention, microscopes, or external alignment tools. The computing means processes the image data to identify the actual rotation axis and compensate for eccentricity automatically.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If multiple sensor arrangements are used for eccentricity compensation, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and power consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradial position precisionVSAvoidsensor arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention transitions from using multiple sensors arranged in specific geometric patterns to using a single sensor that captures two-dimensional image data. The code disc contains a regular pattern (such as a grid or array of features) that, when imaged, provides sufficient information in two dimensions to determine both radial position and angular position, as well as eccentricity, without requiring multiple separate sensing elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Manufacturing precision

If code-disc is manually aligned and fixed with glue, then manufacturing precision is improved, but ease of manufacture deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecode-disc alignment precisionVSAvoidassembly simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The code disc automatically determines its own radial position and eccentricity by analyzing the image of its regular pattern captured by the sensor. The system performs self-alignment and self-correction without requiring manual intervention, microscopes, or external alignment tools. The computing means processes the image data to identify the actual rotation axis and compensate for eccentricity automatically.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes from requiring precise physical alignment parameters (positioning the code disc exactly at a predetermined radial position) to using measured parameters. The radial position and angular position are determined based on the actual image captured by the sensor, and eccentricity is calculated from these measurements. This allows the system to accommodate manufacturing tolerances and assembly variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of operation

If theoretical resolution limit of optical microscope is used, then measurement precision is limited, but ease of operation is improved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment operation simplicityVSAvoideccentricity measurement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces the mechanical/optical microscope-based alignment system with an electronic image processing system. Instead of using a microscope to visually align the code disc, the system uses a sensor to capture an image of the code disc's regular pattern and processing means to automatically determine radial position, angular position, and eccentricity from the image data. This substitution enables higher precision while simplifying the operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables highly accurate radial and angular position determination, achieving precision in the range of nanometers, reduces manufacturing and operational costs, and allows for automated compensation of positioning errors, making it suitable for various encoder applications.

Implementation Method 1

using at least one fixed light source emitting a beam of light in the direction of a fixed sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight: Light

Implementation Method 2

arranging on the path of the beam of light an annular code-disc surrounding the rotating element and which is integral in rotation with the rotating element, said code-disc comprising a two dimensional regular pattern interlaced with an absolute code

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical encoding:

Implementation Method 3

using at least one fixed sensor which is hit by the influenced beam of light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric detection: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2546613B1Method for working out the eccentricity and the angular position of a rotating element and Device for carrying out such a method
Publication Date: 2015.05.27 CSEM CENTRE SUISSE D ELECTRONIQUE ET DE MICROTECHNIQUE SA
  • EP2546613B1 patent drawingFigure 1~5
  • EP2546613B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7
  • EP2546613B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention concerns a method for working out at least the angular position of a rotating element which is mounted in a fixed frame, consisting in using at least one fixed light source emitting a beam of light in the direction of a fixed sensor, arranging the light source with respect to the rotating element and of the sensor in a way so as to induce an interaction between the beam of light and the sensor, which depends on the angular and the radial position of the rotating element and using computing and processing means for providing a value of the angular position dependent of the output signal of the sensor, characterized in that it consists in: a) arranging on the path of the beam of light a code-disc which presents a regular two dimensional pattern of transparent and opaque areas and an absolute code and which is integral in rotation with the rotating element, b) using the image casted by the code-disc on the sensor for determining the eccentricity of the code-disc in dependence of the angular position of the rotating element, c) using the eccentricity for compensating the value of the computed angular position, d) and computing a corrected angular position of the rotating element.