End Cover Venting Structure for Battery Thermal Runaway Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current energy-storage apparatuses face safety hazards due to irreversible side reactions, gas expansion, and thermal runaway, which can lead to fires and other safety issues.
Innovation Solution
An end cover assembly with an insulation holder and explosion-proof-valve holder design, featuring a main body plate, wall plates, and airflow channels to isolate and protect the explosion-proof-valve holder, prevent short circuits, and facilitate air flow, while using an insulation material like polypropylene to enhance safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the end cover assembly uses an insulation holder and explosion-proof-valve holder design to isolate and protect components, then safety performance is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The end cover assembly is divided into distinct functional modules: an insulation holder (11) that provides electrical isolation and an explosion-proof-valve holder (12) that contains and protects the explosion-proof valve. These holders are separate components that can be independently manufactured and assembled, allowing each to be optimized for its specific safety function while maintaining overall system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The insulation holder acts as an intermediary component between electrical components and the housing, providing electrical isolation to prevent short circuits. The explosion-proof-valve holder serves as an intermediary containment structure that protects the explosion-proof valve and directs gas flow through airflow channels, mediating between the battery interior and exterior environments.
2Reliability
If the design includes airflow channels to facilitate air flow and prevent thermal runaway, then safety performance is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The airflow channels are formed as integrated cavities within the holder structures rather than requiring separate rigid components. The holders themselves act as flexible containment structures with built-in flow paths, allowing gas to escape through predefined channels while maintaining structural integrity. This integration reduces the need for high-precision assembly of multiple separate flow control components.
Data Source
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AI summary
An end cover assembly, an energy-storage apparatus, and an electricity-consumption device are provided. An insulation holder includes a main body plate, a first wall plate, and a second wall plate. The main body plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The second surface faces an electrode assembly of the energy-storage apparatus. The first wall plate and the second wall plate are both provided on the first surface and face each other in the length direction of the main body plate. The first wall plate bends and extends away from the second wall plate in the thickness direction of the main body plate. The second wall plate bends and extends away from the first wall plate in the thickness direction of the main body plate. The main body plate, the first wall plate, and the second wall plate jointly define a receiving space. The receiving space is used for receiving an explosion-proof-valve holder. The main body plate, the first wall plate, and the second wall plate are all spaced apart from the explosion-proof-valve holder to form a first airflow channel. The above structure may facilitate sufficient air flow and thus air convergence in a space between the explosion-proof holder and a main cover plate of the end cover assembly may be realized.