Fluorescence Endoscope Dye Density Calculation with Negative Value Substitution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fluorescence endoscope methods struggle to accurately separate and identify lesions in biological tissues due to multiplexed fluorescent lights from various dyes and auto-fluorescence, making it difficult to calculate the densities of fluorescent dyes, especially when the number of spectral images is less than the number of fluorescent dyes present.
Innovation Solution
A fluorescence endoscope apparatus that records fluorescence spectra of presumed fluorescent dyes at standard densities and calculates their densities in each pixel using acquired fluorescence images, employing a matrix equation to determine dye densities, with a mechanism to substitute set values for negative calculation results to recalculate other dye densities, ensuring accurate representation without noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional Unmixing method is used to separate fluorescent lights, then individual fluorescent lights can be separated, but accurate calculation of dye densities becomes difficult when spectral images are fewer than fluorescent dyes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of wavelength selection by strategically choosing specific wavelength values where different fluorescent dyes have distinct emission characteristics. By selecting wavelengths that maximize the difference in fluorescence intensity between different dyes, the system achieves accurate density calculation with fewer spectral images, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by not requiring complete spectral decomposition at all wavelengths. Instead, it selectively measures fluorescence intensity at specific key wavelengths that provide sufficient information for accurate density calculation, reducing the number of required spectral images while maintaining measurement accuracy
2Measurement precision
If fluorescence images are acquired at multiple wavelength values to improve dye density calculation, then measurement accuracy improves, but the number of required images increases complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the parameter of wavelength selection by choosing specific wavelength values that provide maximum discriminatory power between different fluorescent dyes. This selective wavelength approach reduces the number of fluorescence images needed while maintaining high measurement precision for dye density calculation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses partial action by acquiring fluorescence images only at selected key wavelengths rather than across the entire spectral range. This partial spectral sampling provides sufficient information for accurate density calculation while reducing the total quantity of images required
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables precise calculation of fluorescent dye densities in each pixel, improving the visibility of lesions by preventing noise and ensuring accurate representation of dye accumulation regions, thus enhancing the observation of biological tissues.
Implementation Method 1
excitation light is radiated to a biological tissue and a lesion in the biological tissue is observed with fluorescent light that emits from the biological tissue
Data Source
AI summary
A fluorescence-spectrum-recording unit, a fluorescence-image-acquiring unit, and a fluorescent-dye-density-calculating unit are comprised, the calculating unit calculates the densities D1 to Dm of fluorescent dyes 1 to m in each of all the pixels and in all of the pixels with the following equation, and, when there exists a pixel in which one of the calculation values of these densities is smaller than 0, a set value larger than the calculation value smaller than 0 is substituted for the density the calculation value of which is smaller than 0 in the equation, and the densities of the other fluorescent dyes are recalculated, relative to the pixel:(D1⋮Dm)=(a1(λ1)…am(λ1)⋮⋮⋮a1(λn)…am(λn))-1(Iall(λ1)⋮Iall(λn))where a1 (λ1) to am (λn) denote the coefficients for the fluorescent dyes at the standard density at the wavelengths λ1 to λn, and Iall(λ1) to Iall(λn) denote the intensities of the fluorescence image at the wavelengths λ1 to λn.