Endoscope Scattered Light Detection via Segmented Illumination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing endoscope systems for observing scattered light from living body tissue face challenges in simplifying the detection optical system while maintaining a compact front end portion, particularly when observing back-scattering characteristics, as they often require multiple detection optical systems which increase the size of the endoscope.
Innovation Solution
The endoscope employs a dual illumination system with specific angular arrangements of the first and second illumination devices relative to the light receiver optical system, allowing for the detection of back-scattered light within defined angular ranges to differentiate between single and multiple scattering components, thereby eliminating noise and extracting the scattering signal corresponding to single scattering events.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple detection optical systems are used to detect scattered light at multiple angles, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases and the front end portion size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The detection process is segmented into two distinct illumination steps: first illumination to obtain first scattered light, and second illumination to obtain second scattered light. By segmenting the measurement process in time and using different illumination angles, the system achieves multi-angle scattering detection without requiring multiple simultaneous detection optical systems, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic action by sequentially performing first illumination and second illumination at different angles. The scattered light detection is conducted in periodic cycles, alternating between different illumination angles. This temporal sequencing allows a single detection optical system to gather multi-angle scattering data that would otherwise require multiple simultaneous detection systems.
2Measurement precision
If multiple detection optical systems are used to detect scattered light at multiple angles, then measurement precision is improved, but the front end portion size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement process is segmented into sequential illumination steps rather than simultaneous multi-angle detection. This temporal segmentation allows a compact front end with minimal optical components to achieve multi-angle scattering measurement through time-multiplexed illumination, avoiding the need for multiple detection optics that would increase front end volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from spatial multiplexing (multiple detection optics at different angles simultaneously) to temporal multiplexing (single detection optic detecting sequentially from different illumination angles). This dimensional change from space to time allows compact front end design while maintaining the capability to measure scattering at multiple angles.
3Measurement precision
If multiple detection optical systems are used to observe back-scattering characteristics, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of manufacture deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The back-scattering observation process is segmented into sequential illumination steps with different angles. This segmentation allows the use of a single, simpler detection optical system rather than multiple complex simultaneous detection systems, significantly improving ease of manufacture while maintaining the precision needed to distinguish single and multiple scattering components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate differentiation between normal and cancerous cells by isolating the single scattering signal, providing a diagnostic method without damaging the tissue and maintaining a compact endoscope design.
Implementation Method 1
a first illumination device 2 for emitting first illumination light onto an object O; a light receiver optical system 4 for receiving first back-scattered light from the object O within a first range of back-scattering angles
Implementation Method 2
a second illumination device 3 for emitting second illumination light onto the object O; the light receiver optical system 4 receiving second back-scattered light from the object O within a second range of back-scattering angles
Data Source
AI summary
An endoscope apparatus and method are disclosed wherein first and second light beams, each having different center wavelengths, illuminate an object. A detector and a light receiver optical system are provided that receive back-scattered light from first and second illumination devices. A processor is provided that calculates a value corresponding to the size of particles that back-scatter light of the first and second light beams that are incident onto the object, with the calculated value being independent of the concentration of the particles. The first illumination device and the second illumination device are arranged in a specified manner so that a specified condition is satisfied.