Endoscopic Gastrointestinal Constriction via Localized Ethanol Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease, such as PTL 1 and PTL 2, involve invasive procedures that can lead to excessive constriction of the gastrointestinal tract due to the spread of medical substances, causing damage to the mucosa basal layer across the entire circumference.
Innovation Solution
A gastrointestinal-tract constricting method using an endoscope to form a protection region with a non-damaging substance like sodium hyaluronate between the mucosal and muscular layers, followed by application of a damaging substance like ethanol to a target region, preventing excessive constriction by containing the damage within a desired area.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a medical substance is supplied to the gastrointestinal tract to constrict the tract, then the constriction effect is achieved, but the medical substance spreads and damages the mucosa basal layer across the entire circumference
Solution Approach 1:
A protection substance is introduced as an intermediary between the medical substance and the mucosa basal layer in the protection region. This protection substance prevents the medical substance from damaging the mucosa while allowing the medical substance to exert its constriction effect in the target region.
Solution Approach 2:
The gastrointestinal tract circumference is divided into distinct target region and protection region. The medical substance is selectively applied to the target region while the protection region is shielded, achieving spatial segmentation of the treatment effect.
2Reliability
If the medical substance is applied broadly to ensure complete coverage, then all areas are treated, but excessive constriction occurs across the entire gastrointestinal tract
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the gastrointestinal tract are assigned different qualities: the target region receives the medical substance for constriction treatment, while the protection region receives the protection substance to prevent damage and excessive constriction. This local differentiation achieves reliable treatment where needed while preventing harm elsewhere.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the protection region is formed before supplying the medical substance, then the mucosa is protected from damage, but the procedure complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protection substance is applied to form the protection region before the medical substance is supplied. This preliminary action ensures that the mucosa is already protected when the medical substance is applied, preventing damage without requiring complex real-time control mechanisms.
Data Source
AI summary
A gastrointestinal-tract constricting method comprises: while observing the gastrointestinal tract with an endoscope inserted into the gastrointestinal tract, placing a protection substance, which does not damage tissue, in at least one of a region between the mucosal layer and muscular layer of the gastrointestinal tract and a region in a mucosal surface of the mucosal layer so as to form a protection region that protects the mucosa basal layer from a medical substance that damages the tissue; and, after forming the protection region, supplying the medical substance to a mucosal surface in a target region, which is at a position different from the protection region in a circumferential direction of the gastrointestinal tract, or to a position between the mucosal layer and the muscular layer.