Endoscopic Diagnosis System Oxygen Saturation Calculation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing endoscopic diagnosis systems fail to accurately calculate blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels due to the lack of consideration for blood vessel depth and blood amount effects, leading to inaccurate oxygen saturation level calculations.
Innovation Solution
An endoscopic diagnosis system that uses a light source device with laser light sources emitting narrowband light beams of specific wavelengths, combined with a processor capable of calculating signal ratios from reflected light, to accurately determine oxygen saturation levels by separating the effects of blood vessel depth and blood amount, and displays the results as a pseudo color image.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If narrowband light illumination is used to observe specific subject tissues, then the clarity of observation improves, but the ability to generally observe the whole subject tissue deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between broadband and narrowband light illumination modes. The light source device can emit either broadband white light for general observation or narrowband light at specific wavelengths for detailed observation of particular tissues, allowing the observation characteristics to be changed according to diagnostic needs
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the wavelength parameter of the illumination light to achieve different observation effects. By selecting specific wavelength bands (narrowband) or using the full spectrum (broadband), the system adapts the illumination characteristics to match the diagnostic requirements for different tissue types and depths
2Adaptability or versatility
If broadband light is used to illuminate the body cavity, then general observation of the whole subject tissue is enabled, but clear observation of micro-blood vessels and deep-layer structures deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The light source device dynamically adjusts its emission characteristics, switching between broadband and narrowband modes based on the diagnostic requirements. This allows the system to provide both general overview and detailed specific tissue observation without compromising either capability
Solution Approach 2:
The system modifies the spectral distribution parameter of the illumination light, using broadband spectrum for general observation and narrowband spectrum for enhanced contrast of specific structures, thereby achieving both general and detailed observation capabilities
3Device complexity
If oxygen saturation level is calculated without considering blood vessel depth and blood amount, then the calculation process is simplified, but the accuracy of oxygen saturation level measurement deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The calculation process is segmented into multiple independent steps: first calculating the blood vessel depth index from the ratio of light intensities at different wavelengths, then calculating the blood amount index, and finally computing the oxygen saturation level while compensating for the effects of depth and blood amount. This segmentation allows each factor to be addressed separately, improving accuracy without creating an intractably complex system
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces intermediate calculation parameters (blood vessel depth index and blood amount index) that serve as mediators between the raw light intensity measurements and the final oxygen saturation level. These intermediate variables isolate and compensate for the confounding effects of depth and blood amount, enabling accurate oxygen saturation measurement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise calculation and display of oxygen saturation levels, reducing the impact of blood vessel depth and blood amount on the accuracy of the measurements, thereby providing a more accurate representation of oxygen saturation distribution.
Implementation Method 1
a light source device with laser light sources emitting narrowband light beams of specific wavelengths
Implementation Method 2
capable of calculating signal ratios from reflected light, to accurately determine oxygen saturation levels by separating the effects of blood vessel depth and blood amount
Data Source
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AI summary
An endoscopic diagnosis system accurately calculating the oxygen saturation level considering the effects of the blood vessel depth and the blood amount and displaying an oxygen saturation level distribution in simulated colors includes an endoscope device for illuminating a subject, imaging reflected light, and acquiring image signals corresponding to three or more reflected light having a wavelength range of 460 to 700 nm including a first and a second image signal corresponding to reflected light having two wavelength ranges where the light absorption coefficient changes according to the blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation level and a third image signal corresponding to reflected light having one wavelength range where the light absorption coefficient does not change; a blood amount-oxygen saturation level calculator using the acquired image signals for calculation; and a display for displaying an oxygen saturation level distribution based on the oxygen saturation level information.