Energy Storage Grid Regulation via Frequency Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing reliance on intermittent renewable resources in power grids necessitates improved methods for providing reliable and low-cost regulation services to maintain grid stability, as existing systems often rely on central control and communication-heavy infrastructure.
Innovation Solution
Implementing energy storage devices, such as electric vehicles or stationary batteries, that use grid frequency measurements to adjust their charging or discharging rates, allowing them to provide regulation services directly to the grid without central aggregators, thereby stabilizing the power grid efficiently and cost-effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If central control systems are used to provide grid regulation services, then reliability of regulation can be maintained, but device complexity and infrastructure requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage device autonomously provides grid regulation services by directly responding to grid frequency deviations without requiring central control signals. The device self-regulates its charge/discharge operations based on local frequency measurements, eliminating the need for complex communication infrastructure and central aggregation systems while maintaining reliable regulation service delivery.
2Reliability
If energy storage devices respond to central control signals, then coordinated regulation can be achieved, but communication infrastructure requirements and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage device uses real-time grid frequency measurements as feedback signals to autonomously adjust its charge/discharge operations. This direct feedback mechanism from the grid to individual devices enables coordinated regulation across the system without requiring communication infrastructure, as each device naturally responds to the same grid frequency conditions.
3Ease of manufacture
If energy storage devices are integrated with low infrastructure requirements, then cost-effectiveness improves, but ability to provide stable regulation services may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage device autonomously maintains stable regulation services by continuously monitoring grid frequency and self-adjusting its charge/discharge rate. This self-service capability ensures reliable regulation delivery without requiring expensive communication or central control infrastructure, as the device inherently responds to grid conditions to maintain stability.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for charging and discharging an energy storage device connected to an electrical power distribution system. In one exemplary embodiment, a controller monitors electrical characteristics of an electrical power distribution system and provides an output to a bi-directional charger causing the charger to charge or discharge an energy storage device (e.g., a battery in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV)). The controller can help stabilize the electrical power distribution system by increasing the charging rate when there is excess power in the electrical power distribution system (e.g., when the frequency of an AC power grid exceeds an average value), or by discharging power from the energy storage device to stabilize the grid when there is a shortage of power in the electrical power distribution system (e.g., when the frequency of an AC power grid is below an average value).