Local Energy Storage Bus for Peak Load Power Support
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical distribution systems within buildings are limited by grid connection capacity, restricting peak power of loads connected to local buses despite average power consumption being below grid capacity.
Innovation Solution
A system with two buses, power converters, and an energy storage device, controlled by a controller to manage voltage and frequency, allowing independent operation and power exchange between buses, supporting peak loads through energy storage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the local bus is directly connected to the utility grid, then the system structure is simple and operation is easy, but the peak power of loads is limited by the grid connection capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the electrical distribution into two separate buses: a grid-connected first bus and a local second bus with energy storage. This segmentation allows the local bus to operate independently with higher peak power capacity while the grid connection handles average power, resolving the contradiction between peak power capability and system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
Energy storage devices and power converters are introduced as intermediary components between the grid and local loads. The energy storage system acts as a buffer that can rapidly discharge to support peak loads on the local bus, while the converter manages power flow between buses, enabling peak power enhancement without directly increasing grid connection capacity.
2Reliability
If energy storage devices are added to support peak loads, then the power capacity and reliability are improved, but the device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs dynamic control strategies where the controller adjusts the operating modes of converters and energy storage based on real-time conditions. The system can dynamically switch between grid-following mode, voltage-frequency control mode, and peak support mode, optimizing reliability while managing complexity through intelligent control rather than static hardware configurations.
Solution Approach 2:
The energy storage system and converters are designed to perform multiple functions: peak power support, voltage-frequency regulation, power factor correction, and islanded operation. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity by providing comprehensive power quality improvement and reliability enhancement from a single integrated system.
3Manufacturing precision
If the second converter controls voltage and frequency on the second bus, then power quality is improved, but the control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The controller implements feedback control mechanisms that continuously monitor voltage and frequency on the second bus and adjust the second converter's operation accordingly. This feedback loop enables precise voltage and frequency regulation while automating the control process, reducing the burden on operators and managing complexity through closed-loop control algorithms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances reliability and power quality, overcomes capacity limitations, and supports high peak loads by regulating voltage and frequency, ensuring stable power supply even during grid intermittency.
Implementation Method 1
a second converter configured to couple an energy storage device to the second bus. The system further includes a controller configured to control the first and second converters such that the second converter controls a voltage and frequency on the second bus by energy transfer between the energy storage device and the second bus
Implementation Method 2
A first converter is configured to couple the first bus and the second bus and a second converter configured to couple an energy storage device to the second bus
Data Source
AI summary
A system includes a first bus configured to be coupled to a grid and a second bus configured to be coupled to a load and/or a source. A first converter is configured to couple the first bus and the second bus and a second converter configured to couple an energy storage device to the second bus. The system further includes a controller configured to control the first and second converters such that the second converter controls a voltage and frequency on the second bus by energy transfer between the energy storage device and the second bus and the first converter transfers energy between the first bus and the second bus.