Energy Store Warming via Controlled Power Loss in Electric Vehicles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles face reduced electric power delivery at low temperatures due to the low energy store performance, especially after prolonged stationary periods in cold conditions.
Innovation Solution
A control device and method that manage the energy take-up of the energy consumer and charging device to create a difference, compensating with the energy store's energy uptake or release, thereby warming the energy store through power loss, and maintaining a target state of charge to enhance efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the energy store is used to compensate for the difference between energy consumer and charging device to warm the energy store, then the temperature of the energy store is improved, but the state of charge of the energy store deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The control device alternates between charging mode (where the charging device charges the energy store) and discharging mode (where the energy store compensates for differences and warms itself). This periodic switching allows the energy store to accumulate charge during charging phases and then use some charge during discharging phases to generate heat through power loss, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining state of charge and warming the energy store.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device dynamically adjusts the energy take-up of the energy consumer and the charging device to create a controlled difference that is compensated by the energy store. By changing the operational parameters (energy take-up rates) of these components, the system optimizes the balance between charging the energy store and using it for warming, ensuring that the energy store reaches optimal temperature while maintaining sufficient charge levels.
2Temperature
If the energy take-up of the energy consumer exceeds the energy take-up of the charging device, then the difference is positive and can be compensated by the energy store, but the energy store discharges and its state of charge decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The control device continuously monitors the state of charge and temperature of the energy store, as well as the energy take-up rates of the energy consumer and charging device. Based on this feedback, the control device dynamically adjusts the energy take-up rates to ensure that the energy store is warmed when needed while maintaining the state of charge above a predetermined threshold, thus resolving the contradiction between warming and charge maintenance.
3Quantity of substance
If the energy take-up of the energy consumer undershoots the energy take-up of the charging device, then the difference is negative and the energy store charges, but the warming effect is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The control device implements periodic switching between charging-dominant phases (where the charging device takes up more energy and the energy store charges) and discharging-dominant phases (where the energy consumer takes up more energy and the energy store discharges to warm itself). This periodic action ensures that the energy store accumulates charge while also receiving periodic warming cycles, resolving the contradiction between charging and warming.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively warms the energy store, ensuring it is fully charged and ready for use, improving the vehicle's operational efficiency and power delivery at low temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
whereby the energy store is warmed by power loss associated with the take-up of energy or with the release of energy from the energy store
Data Source
AI summary
A control device controls a preconditioning of at least one energy consumer in a motor vehicle and an energy store incorporated in the motor vehicle. The control device is designed to control the energy take-up of the energy consumer and the energy take-up of a charging device incorporated in the motor vehicle such that a difference is generated between the energy take-up of the energy consumer and the energy take-up of the charging device, which is compensated by an energy take-up of the energy store or by a release of energy from the energy store, with the result that the energy store is warmed by the power loss associated with the energy take-up or with the release of energy from the energy store.