Internal Combustion Engine Auxiliary Fuel Channel for Idling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines experience increased fuel consumption and worsened emission values during idling due to incomplete combustion and scavenging of non-combusted fuel, leading to inefficient operation and noise generation.
Innovation Solution
The engine incorporates an auxiliary channel that supplies fuel only during prescribed revolutions, allowing for rotationally-precise metering and scavenging with largely fuel-free air during idling, preventing uncombusted fuel scavenging and optimizing combustion, while also ensuring adequate lubrication without a separate lubrication device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fuel is supplied continuously via the intake channel during idling, then the combustion chamber receives fuel for potential combustion, but uncombusted fuel is scavenged out of the combustion chamber leading to increased fuel consumption and worsened emission values
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by supplying fuel to the combustion chamber only during specific crankshaft revolutions (e.g., every second or third revolution) rather than continuously. This is achieved through a fuel injection system that is synchronized with the crankshaft position, injecting fuel only when the combustion chamber is in a state conducive to combustion. The periodic fuel supply ensures that fuel is present only when combustion can occur, preventing fuel scavenging during revolutions where combustion does not take place, thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions while maintaining reliable combustion when needed.
2Productivity
If a small quantity of mixture is supplied via the intake channel during each revolution, then the engine operates during idling, but combustion cannot occur during each revolution leading to noncombusted fuel being scavenged out
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by controlling the fuel supply to occur only during specific crankshaft revolutions rather than every revolution. The fuel injection system is synchronized with the crankshaft position sensor to inject fuel only during revolutions where combustion conditions are favorable. This periodic fuel supply maintains idling operation while preventing fuel scavenging during revolutions where combustion does not occur, thereby reducing fuel loss and emissions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating different fuel concentration zones within the combustion chamber. During revolutions where combustion occurs, the fuel injection system delivers a concentrated fuel mixture to the combustion chamber. During revolutions where combustion does not occur, the combustion chamber is flushed with largely fuel-free air. This spatial and temporal variation in fuel concentration prevents uniform fuel distribution that would lead to scavenging, instead creating localized fuel presence only where and when combustion can occur.
3Quantity of substance
If fuel is supplied via the intake channel into the crankcase, then the mixture is transferred into the combustion chamber, but incomplete combustion occurs during idling leading to increased emission values
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by controlling fuel injection to occur only during specific crankshaft revolutions rather than continuously. The fuel injection system is synchronized with the crankshaft position to deliver fuel only during revolutions where combustion conditions are optimal. This periodic supply ensures complete combustion when fuel is present, while allowing the combustion chamber to be flushed with clean air during revolutions without fuel injection, thereby reducing incomplete combustion products and emissions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by varying the fuel concentration parameter in the combustion chamber over time. During revolutions where combustion occurs, the fuel injection system delivers a fuel-rich mixture. During revolutions where combustion does not occur, the system supplies largely fuel-free air, effectively changing the fuel concentration parameter from high to low. This dynamic parameter change ensures complete combustion when fuel is present and reduces emissions by preventing fuel accumulation that would lead to incomplete combustion.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces fuel consumption and emission values, achieves quiet engine operation, and allows for precise control of combustion, resulting in improved idling efficiency and reduced noise.
Implementation Method 1
a combustion chamber (3) delimited by a piston (8) reciprocally mounted in a cylinder (2), wherein the piston (8) drives a crankshaft (5) rotatably mounted in a crankcase (4)
Implementation Method 2
a first fuel channel (16) opens into the intake channel (46) and is adapted to supply fuel to the intake channel (46) as a function of underpressure in the intake channel (46)
Data Source
AI summary
An internal combustion engine having an intake channel that opens into a crankcase. A first fuel channel opens into the intake channel to supply fuel thereto as a function of underpressure in the intake channel. An auxiliary channel opens into a transfer channel that fluidically connects a crankcase to the combustion chamber. A second fuel channel opens into the auxiliary channel and is connected to a storage reservoir for fuel. At least one valve controls the quantity of fuel to be supplied to the engine via the auxiliary channel. Largely fuel-free air is supplied to the engine via the intake channel during idling. During a first revolution of the crankshaft, fuel is supplied via the auxiliary channel, so that a combustible mixture can form in the combustion chamber. During a second revolution, largely fuel-free air is supplied via the auxiliary channel and the combustion chamber is scavenged with largely fuel-free air.