Engine Fuel Injection Control for Adhesion Compensation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional internal combustion engines face challenges in controlling the air-fuel ratio due to fuel adhesion and evaporation issues in both cylinder and port injection modes, leading to inefficient fuel distribution and potential air-fuel ratio imbalances.
Innovation Solution
An engine controlling apparatus that calculates and adjusts the volumes of fuel injected from cylinder and port injection valves based on adhesion and evaporation rates, using sensors for temperature, pressure, and engine load to optimize fuel distribution and maintain precise air-fuel ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If port injection is used to inject fuel into the intake port, then fuel can be supplied to the engine, but fuel adheres to the intake port walls and intake valves, causing delayed vaporization and lean air-fuel ratios especially during cold start
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary action by injecting fuel into the intake port before the engine operates, allowing the fuel to adhere to the walls and valves. The control method then compensates for this predetermined adhesion by calculating the adhered fuel volume based on injection volume and adhesion ratio, and adjusting the total fuel injection accordingly to achieve the target air-fuel ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback by continuously monitoring the actual air-fuel ratio and comparing it with the target value. The control method calculates the adhered fuel volume based on the injection volume and adhesion ratio, feeds this information back to determine the correction amount, and adjusts the fuel injection volume to maintain the target air-fuel ratio.
2Productivity
If cylinder injection is used to inject fuel directly into the cylinder, then fuel atomization is improved and adhesion to cylinder walls is reduced, but fuel still adheres to the combustion chamber walls and piston surfaces
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses feedback by calculating the adhered fuel volume in the cylinder based on the cylinder injection volume and the adhesion ratio specific to cylinder injection. This calculated adhesion amount is fed back to the control method, which then adjusts the injection volume to compensate for the adhered fuel and maintain the target air-fuel ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies parameter changes by using different adhesion ratios for port injection and cylinder injection, reflecting the different adhesion characteristics of each injection method. The control method selects the appropriate adhesion ratio based on the injection mode being used, allowing for more accurate calculation of adhered fuel volume and better air-fuel ratio control.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the engine switches between cylinder injection and port injection modes, then operational flexibility is improved, but during transitional states the required fuel volume from one mode may be less than the evaporated fuel volume, causing rich air-fuel ratios
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses feedback by tracking the injection mode transitions and calculating the evaporated fuel volume from the previous mode. During transitional states, the control method compares the required fuel volume with the evaporated fuel volume and adjusts the injection amount to prevent rich air-fuel ratios, ensuring smooth transitions between modes.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary action by calculating the evaporated fuel volume from the previous injection mode before the transition is complete. This allows the control method to anticipate the fuel already in the system and adjust the new injection volume accordingly, preventing over-fueling during mode transitions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus ensures precise control of the air-fuel ratio by accounting for fuel adhesion and evaporation, optimizing fuel combustion and improving engine response and efficiency across different operational modes.
Implementation Method 1
The fuel injected from the port injection valves partially adheres to the surfaces of intake valves and the walls of the intake ports in the form of liquid layers
Implementation Method 2
The liquidly-layered fuel gradually evaporates depending on the temperatures and pressures of the intake ports and slowly enters the cylinders
Implementation Method 3
The fuel is thus readily atomized in the cylinder and hardly adheres on the wall of the cylinder and the top surface of a piston
Implementation Method 4
The vaporization of the adhering fuel may take a long time at low temperatures of the intake ports
Implementation Method 5
The liquidly-layered fuel gradually evaporates depending on the temperatures and pressures of the intake ports
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3A~3C
AI summary
An engine controlling apparatus (1) controls a cylinder injected volume (FDI) of fuel injected from a cylinder injection valve (21) of an engine (10) into a cylinder, and a port injected volume (FMPI) of fuel injected from a port injection valve (22) into an intake port (13). The engine controlling apparatus (1) includes an adhesion volume calculator (3B) to calculate a cylinder adhesion volume (Rc) of fuel adhering to the cylinder, the fuel being injected from the cylinder injection valve (21), and a port adhesion volume (Rv + Rw) of fuel adhering to the intake port (13), the fuel being injected from the port injection valve (22). The engine controlling apparatus (1) further includes a controller (3D, 4) to control the cylinder injected volume (FDI) and the port injected volume (FMPI) based on both the cylinder adhesion volume (Rc) and the port adhesion volume (Rv + RW).