Internal Combustion Engine Intake Manifold Expansion Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Supercharged internal combustion engines face challenges in reducing charge air temperature without increasing structural complexity, which can lead to knocking combustion and inefficient engine performance.
Innovation Solution
The air intake system is designed with a distributor pipe length dimensioned based on an equivalent distributor pipe diameter, allowing for partial expansion within the intake manifold, effectively cooling the charge air without additional moving components, thereby reducing the charge pressure and temperature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a charge air cooler is enlarged to further reduce charge air temperature, then the cooling efficiency is improved, but the structural complexity and space requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an expansion device as an intermediary component between the charge air cooler and the combustion chamber. This device mediates the temperature reduction process by utilizing pressure expansion to cool the charge air, thereby achieving further temperature reduction without enlarging the charge air cooler structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the pressure parameter of the charge air by introducing an expansion device that reduces charge pressure. This parameter change (pressure reduction) directly results in temperature reduction through the thermodynamic expansion process, providing an alternative pathway to cooling without structural enlargement.
2Temperature
If expansion devices are added downstream of the intercooler to reduce combustion air temperature, then the cooling efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The expansion device is designed to serve multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as both a pressure reduction device and a cooling device. By integrating these functions into a single component, the patent avoids adding separate complex systems while achieving the desired temperature reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The expansion device serves as an intermediary between the charge air cooler and the combustion chamber, providing a bridge that naturally reduces both pressure and temperature through thermodynamic expansion, thereby simplifying the overall system architecture.
3Temperature
If the distributor pipe length is increased to enable expansion cooling, then the cooling effect is improved, but the space requirements and structural complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in the distributor pipe design, specifically optimizing the ratio of pipe length to diameter to achieve the desired expansion effect. This allows for effective cooling while maintaining compact dimensions suitable for vehicle engine compartments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration achieves efficient cooling of charge air, minimizes the risk of knocking combustion, and optimizes engine performance by allowing earlier ignition timing, resulting in improved efficiency and higher engine output with favorable fuel consumption, especially at high loads and speeds.
Implementation Method 1
a distributor pipe length LV is dimensioned as a function of an equivalent distributor pipe diameter DV in such a way that a reduction in the charge pressure within the air intake system of the internal combustion engine can be achieved by expansion
Implementation Method 2
EP 0 987 412 A2 discloses an intake system of an internal combustion engine for using resonance effects
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
The invention relates to a charged internal combustion engine comprising several cylinders and an air intake device which is formed by a least one distributor pipe, several suction pipes and at least one plenum, the plenum being disposed between the distributor pipe and the suction pipes. The combustion air is fed to the air intake device via an air guiding duct that leads into the distributor pipe, wherein the charge pressure of the combustion air is being reduced after exiting the compressor until it enters the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. According to the invention, the length of the distributor pipe as a function of an equivalent diameter of the distributor pipe is dimensioned in such a way that a reduction of the charge pressure inside the air intake device can be reached by an expansion that occurs partly in the plenum of the respective suction pipe and/or inside the distributor pipe.