Engine Intake Fuel Injection for Uniform Low-GHG Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional engine devices face challenges in achieving stable combustion of low greenhouse gas fuels like ammonia or methanol due to the formation of locally high or low equivalence ratios within the combustion chamber, leading to air deficiency or excess, and resulting in deteriorated exhaust gas properties and a complex engine structure.
Innovation Solution
The engine device injects low greenhouse gas fuels in a liquid or mixed state into the intake path of the engine, causing the fuel to collide with the intake path's wall surface or intake system components, promoting vaporization and forming a uniform mixed gas with air before entering the combustion chamber.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If ammonia is mixed in a liquid state with a petroleum-based fuel and then injected, then the fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber, but the ammonia directly after injection exists as droplets inside the combustion chamber causing locally high equivalence ratio and air deficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel is injected into the intake path before entering the combustion chamber, allowing vaporization and mixing to occur in advance. The intake air flow carries the injected fuel through the intake path where it vaporizes and mixes with air before entering the combustion chamber, preventing liquid droplet formation in the combustion chamber itself.
Solution Approach 2:
The intake air acts as an intermediary medium that carries the injected fuel from the injection point through the intake path to the combustion chamber. This intermediary flow enables gradual vaporization and uniform mixing of fuel with air before combustion, avoiding direct injection of liquid fuel droplets into the combustion chamber.
2Quantity of substance
If ammonia is mixed in a liquid state with a petroleum-based fuel and then injected, then the fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber, but locations where few ammonia droplets exist have a low equivalence ratio resulting in a state of air excess
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel is injected into the intake path upstream of the combustion chamber, allowing sufficient time and space for complete vaporization and uniform mixing with intake air before the fuel-air mixture enters the combustion chamber. This preliminary mixing ensures homogeneous equivalence ratio distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection timing and position are optimized to allow the fuel to undergo phase change from liquid to vapor and achieve uniform concentration distribution in the intake air before entering the combustion chamber, ensuring stable equivalence ratio throughout the combustion process.
3Quantity of substance
If ammonia is mixed in a liquid state with a petroleum-based fuel and then injected, then the fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber, but the structure of the engine device becomes complicated due to the need to atomize the ammonia in the fluid mixture
Solution Approach 1:
The system utilizes the kinetic energy of the intake air flow and the injection process itself to achieve fuel atomization and vaporization without requiring separate atomization devices. The fuel is injected directly into the high-velocity intake air stream, which naturally breaks up and distributes the fuel throughout the intake path.
Solution Approach 2:
The intake air flow serves as a pneumatic medium that carries and distributes the injected fuel throughout the intake path. The high-velocity gas flow naturally atomizes and mixes the liquid fuel without requiring mechanical atomization devices, simplifying the overall system structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables stable combustion of low greenhouse gas fuels while suppressing deterioration in engine output and exhaust characteristics, all with a relatively simple engine structure that does not require additional vaporization devices.
Implementation Method 1
injects the fuel, which is in a liquid state or a mixed state containing a liquid and a gas, inside the intake path toward a wall surface of the intake path, or the intake system component
Implementation Method 2
the fuel, which is in a liquid state or a mixed state containing a liquid and a gas
Data Source
AI summary
An engine device supplies a fuel to drive an engine, the engine device including: an intake path through which an intake flows to the engine; an intake system component provided inside the intake path; and a fuel injection unit that injects the fuel, which is in a liquid state or a mixed state containing a liquid and a gas, inside the intake path toward a wall surface of the intake path, or the intake system component. The engine device utilizes, as a fuel, a low GHG fuel having low greenhouse gas emissions, such as ammonia or methanol.