Engine Oil Particle Profiling for Predictive Condition Diagnosis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for analyzing engine oil, such as optical atomic spectroscopy, lack repeatability and cannot characterize individual particles larger than 5 µm in diameter, failing to accurately predict engine conditions.

Innovation Solution

A zoning and profiling approach that compares the chemical composition and size/aspect ratio of particles in a fluid sample to a reference profile, using techniques like x-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to determine a correlation index, predicting engine conditions based on similarity to known profiles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If optical atomic spectroscopy is used for fluid analysis, then elemental analysis of total oil sample is achieved, but repeatability among different equipment is poor and particles greater than 5 μm cannot be analyzed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelemental analysis capabilityVSAvoidrepeatability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces optical atomic spectroscopy with a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). This substitution enables simultaneous imaging and elemental analysis at the particle level, achieving both high measurement precision and repeatability while eliminating the 5 μm particle size limitation of the original method.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Quantity of substance

If optical atomic spectroscopy is used for fluid analysis, then total oil sample analysis is performed, but individual particles cannot be characterized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetotal sample analysisVSAvoidindividual particle characterization
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the oil sample analysis into individual particle characterization. By using SEM imaging combined with EDS spectral analysis, each particle is individually examined and classified based on its morphology and elemental composition. This segmentation approach preserves all particle-level information while enabling detailed characterization that total sample analysis cannot provide.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Ease of operation

If particle analysis is performed using existing techniques, then fluid sample analysis is achieved, but accurate engine condition prediction is not possible

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid analysis capabilityVSAvoidengine condition prediction accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces multiple new parameters for particle characterization including aspect ratio, sphericity, convexity, and a wear particle index (WPI) calculated from elemental composition ratios. These parameter changes transform the analysis from simple particle counting to multi-dimensional characterization, enabling accurate engine condition prediction while maintaining ease of operation through automated image analysis and spectral processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method provides a more accurate and repeatable prediction of engine conditions by analyzing individual particles, improving upon the limitations of existing technologies by considering physical and chemical characteristics, leading to better maintenance scheduling and reduced maintenance costs.

Implementation Method 1

utilize a technique for sample comparison referred to as a zoning and profiling approach

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectX-ray spectroscopy: X-Ray

Implementation Method 2

utilize a technique for sample comparison referred to as a zoning and profiling approach

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron beam: Electron Beam

Data Source

PatentEP3521794B1Method and system for predicting an engine condition
Publication Date: 2021.11.24 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP
  • EP3521794B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3521794B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3521794B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

Systems and methods for predicting a condition of an engine (10) are described. A fluid sample having particles suspended therein is received (202) from the engine(10) . A plurality of particles are extracted from the fluid sample. A sample profile (300) of the plurality of particles extracted from the fluid sample is obtained. A reference profile (400) of particles of a reference fluid sample from a reference engine is obtained (204). The reference profile (400) and the sample profile (300) having particles identified based on size, aspect ratio and chemical composition. A correlation index between the sample profile (400) and the reference profile (300) is determined based on size and aspect ratio of the particles of the sample profile and the reference profile (206). A prediction that the engine has a known condition associated with the reference engine is generated from the correlation index (208). An output indicating the condition of the engine is generating based on the prediction (209).