Four-Stroke Engine Starter Motor Rotor Position Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Air-cooled engine units face challenges in achieving quick start capability and vehicle mountability due to the complexity of protecting Hall ICs from high temperatures, leading to decreased heat resistance and increased size.

Innovation Solution

A four-stroke engine unit with a starter motor featuring an inner stator and outer rotor, utilizing a detection-purpose winding separate from the stator windings for rotor position detection, allowing for efficient control and heat resistance without the need for semiconductor elements, enabling quick start and improved vehicle mountability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If a Hall IC is used for rotor position detection to achieve quick start capability, then the engine can start quickly, but the device complexity and size increase due to the need for heat protection structures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine start timeVSAvoidheat protection structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the semiconductor Hall IC from the high-temperature engine environment by placing it in a separate control device housing. Instead of integrating the Hall IC directly in the starter motor assembly exposed to engine heat, the detection function is separated into a dedicated control unit that can be thermally isolated, thus maintaining quick start capability while reducing the complexity of heat protection structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a control device as an intermediary between the starter motor and the engine control system. This control device houses the Hall IC and performs signal processing, acting as a buffer that protects the sensitive semiconductor component from direct exposure to high temperatures while still enabling accurate rotor position detection for quick engine starting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Loss of time

If a Hall IC is used for rotor position detection, then the engine can start quickly, but the heat resistance decreases due to exposure to high engine temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine start timeVSAvoidheat resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the starter motor system into distinct functional modules: the starter motor assembly exposed to engine heat, and the control device housing containing the Hall IC isolated from heat. This segmentation allows the temperature-sensitive semiconductor component to be protected from the high-temperature environment while maintaining its detection function for quick engine starting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a control device that can be designed with simplified thermal management compared to integrating heat protection directly into the starter motor. The control device serves as a dedicated housing that provides necessary thermal isolation for the Hall IC without requiring complex cooling systems or high-cost heat-resistant materials throughout the entire starter assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Temperature

If cooling structures are added to protect the Hall IC from high temperatures, then the heat resistance improves, but the device complexity and size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat resistanceVSAvoidcooling structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the Hall IC from the high-temperature zone by placing it in a separate control device housing. This extraction eliminates the need for complex cooling structures within the starter motor assembly, as the semiconductor component is simply located in a thermally isolated environment rather than requiring active or passive cooling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a control device housing that replicates the necessary thermal isolation function without copying the entire starter motor structure. The housing provides a simplified thermal barrier that achieves heat protection through its design and material selection rather than requiring complex cooling channels, fans, or heat sinks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables quick start capability comparable to Hall IC-based systems with improved heat resistance and simplified cooling, enhancing vehicle mountability and power efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a rotor position detection device provided at a position facing each of the plurality of detection object parts during rotation of the outer rotor, the rotor position detection device including a detection-purpose winding provided separately from the stator windings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field sensing: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 2

the control device supplying a current from a battery included in the vehicle to the multi-phase stator windings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2959156B1Four-stroke engine unit for use in vehicle and vehicle
Publication Date: 2018.02.07 YAMAHA MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP2959156B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2959156B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2959156B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is an engine unit, and the like, including a four-stroke engine having a load variation, in which the capability of quick start and the vehicle mountability are improved irrespective of the manner of cooling the engine. An engine unit includes a four-stroke engine body, a starter motor, and a control device. The control device includes: a plurality of detection object parts provided on an outer surface of an outer rotor; a rotor position detection device including a detection-purpose winding that is provided separately from stator windings; and a plurality of switching parts. The control device shifts from a control mode for starting rotation of a crankshaft to a control mode for accelerating the rotation of the crankshaft. In the control mode for starting rotation of the crankshaft, on/off-operation of the plurality of switching parts is performed at predefined timings. In the control mode for accelerating the rotation of the crankshaft, on/off-operation of the plurality of switching parts is performed at timings based on an electrical signal flowing in the detection-purpose winding of the rotor position detection device. The electrical signal varies depending on a variation in the magnetic condition caused by movement of the plurality of detection object parts along with the rotation of the crankshaft.