Internal Combustion Engine Torque Reserve Calculation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining torque reserve in internal combustion engines are not precise, leading to inefficient transitions between operating states, which can result in unnecessary fuel consumption and potential juddering during state changes.
Innovation Solution
A method involving calculation processes and characteristic curves/diagrams to determine torque and air mass setpoint values for different operating states, allowing for precise calculation of torque reserve, which can be neutralized through ignition angle adjustments to optimize fuel efficiency and smooth transitions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If torque reserve is determined using conventional methods, then transitions between operating states can be achieved, but the determination is not precise leading to unnecessary fuel consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary determination of the torque reserve (TQIR) before executing the transition between operating states. By calculating TQIR using the formula TQIR = TQIS - TQI, where TQIS is the torque setpoint value for the second operating state and TQI is the current torque, the system prepares in advance with precise information about the required torque change, enabling optimized fuel injection and ignition timing that avoids unnecessary fuel consumption during the transition.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism by continuously monitoring the actual torque (TQI) and rotational speed (N) during operation, comparing them against the calculated torque setpoint (TQIS), and using this information to adjust fuel injection and ignition timing in real-time. This closed-loop control ensures precise torque reserve determination and minimizes energy loss by adapting the control parameters based on actual engine state.
2Device complexity
If torque reserve determination is simplified, then calculation complexity is reduced, but transition smoothness deteriorates causing juddering
Solution Approach 1:
The patent calculates the torque reserve (TQIR) and determines the optimal ignition angle adjustment before the operating state transition occurs. By using the formula TQIR = TQIS - TQI and determining the required ignition angle change in advance, the system prepares a smooth transition path that prevents juddering while keeping the calculation process relatively simple and computationally efficient.
3Loss of energy
If torque reserve is not precisely determined, then fuel injection can be reduced, but transition performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback control by continuously monitoring actual torque (TQI) and rotational speed (N), comparing them with the torque setpoint (TQIS), and adjusting fuel injection and ignition timing based on the calculated torque reserve (TQIR). This ensures that fuel consumption is optimized without compromising transition performance, as the system adapts in real-time to maintain the required transition characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes transition performance by dynamically changing key parameters including ignition timing angle, fuel injection quantity, and injection timing based on the calculated torque reserve. By adjusting these parameters according to the precise TQIR value, the system achieves both fuel efficiency and high transition performance, avoiding both excessive fuel consumption and poor transition quality.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines. The teachings thereof may be embodied in a method for determining a torque reserve for an internal combustion engine during a change of an operating state. The method may include: operating the internal combustion engine in the first operating state; determining a rotational speed; determining a torque; determining an air mass setpoint value based on the rotational speed and the torque in the second operating state; calculating a torque setpoint value depending on the rotational speed and the air mass setpoint value in the first operating state; and determining a torque reserve for the transition from the first operating state to the second operating state using based on the torque and on the torque setpoint value.