Internal Combustion Engine Torque Reduction Using Water Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for abruptly reducing torque in internal combustion engines and achieving low torque levels are insufficient for enabling dynamic shifting operations and effective overrun fuel cut-off while maintaining efficient fuel consumption and avoiding misfires.
Innovation Solution
Adjusting the ignition angle to a limit ignition angle, determined by water injection amount and geographic elevation, to enable abrupt torque reduction, combined with water injection into the intake tract to delay combustion and prevent misfires.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the ignition angle is adjusted to later to reduce torque, then torque reduction and fuel consumption are improved, but misfires occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical-chemical parameters of the combustion process by injecting water into the intake tract. This alters the combustion characteristics, allowing the ignition angle to be delayed further without causing misfires. The water injection modifies the temperature and pressure conditions in the cylinder, enabling operation at the limit ignition angle while maintaining reliable combustion.
Solution Approach 2:
Water acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the conflicting requirements of late ignition (for torque reduction) and reliable combustion (to avoid misfires). By introducing water into the intake tract, the system creates intermediate conditions that allow delayed ignition to occur without the harmful effects of misfires, thus resolving the contradiction.
2Reliability
If water is injected to delay combustion and avoid misfires, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The water injection system serves multiple functions simultaneously: it delays combustion to enable late ignition angle operation, prevents misfires by modifying combustion characteristics, and can also influence torque characteristics. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity by providing several benefits from a single system.
3Speed
If the ignition angle is adjusted maximally to later for abrupt torque reduction, then dynamic response is improved, but misfire risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
Water is injected into the intake tract before combustion occurs, preparing the combustion environment in advance for late ignition. This preliminary action of water injection modifies the charge conditions so that when the ignition angle is delayed to the limit position, the combustion can still proceed reliably without misfires, enabling maximum torque reduction speed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables dynamic shifting operations with low fuel consumption and reduced emissions, while ensuring reliable engine performance and avoiding misfires.
Implementation Method 1
by injecting water, the combustion process in the internal combustion engine is 'delayed'
Implementation Method 2
internal combustion engine
Data Source
AI summary
A method for operating an internal combustion engine. In order to abruptly reduce a torque of the internal combustion engine and/or to provide a low torque by the internal combustion engine, an ignition angle adjustment to later is carried out, wherein water is injected into an intake tract of the internal combustion engine by a water injection system. A limit ignition angle for the ignition angle adjustment is determined based on an amount of water injected by the water injection system.