Engineered Cytoplast Therapeutics Without Proliferation Risk
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cell-based therapies are prone to unwanted side effects such as uncontrolled proliferation, increased mutation rate, and anti-DNA immune responses, posing safety risks and inefficiencies.
Innovation Solution
The development of cytoplasts, which are enucleated cells lacking a nucleus, offering controlled therapeutic and delivery vehicles with reduced genetic material transfer risk, limited lifespan, and engineered capabilities for targeted therapeutic production and delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If nucleated cells are used as therapeutic vehicles, then they can proliferate and self-renew, but this causes uncontrolled proliferation and increased mutation rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the nucleus from therapeutic cells to create cytoplasts, extracting the source of uncontrolled proliferation and mutation while retaining beneficial cytoplasmic functions. This extraction eliminates the harmful factors (uncontrolled proliferation, mutation rate) while preserving the useful functions (therapeutic activity, delivery capability) of the original cells.
2Adaptability or versatility
If nucleated cells are used for therapy, then they can respond to microenvironment signals, but this leads to unwanted responses and disease progression
Solution Approach 1:
By removing the nucleus, the patent eliminates the cell's ability to respond to microenvironmental signals that would trigger unwanted proliferation or disease progression. The cytoplasts retain basic metabolic functions and therapeutic capabilities without the nuclear machinery that generates harmful responses.
3Productivity
If cells are used as therapeutic vehicles, then they can deliver therapeutic cargo, but they pose risk of transferring genetic material to host
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the nucleus containing genetic material from therapeutic cells, creating cytoplasts that can deliver therapeutic cargo without risking transfer of genetic material to the host. The cytoplasts maintain delivery capabilities through their cytoplasmic structures while lacking the nuclear genome that could be transferred.
4Adaptability or versatility
If nucleated cells are used for therapy, then they have full cellular functionality, but this results in larger cell size and reduced transport efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
By removing the nucleus, the patent reduces cell size and weight while maintaining essential cytoplasmic functions. The cytoplasts are smaller and more efficient for transport, yet retain therapeutic capabilities through their engineered cytoplasmic content, such as therapeutic proteins, enzymes, or cargo delivery machinery.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are cytoplasts, compositions comprising cytoplasts, methods of using cytoplasts, and methods of treating a subject, such as providing benefits to a healthy or unhealthy subject, or treating or diagnosing a disease or condition in a subject. In some embodiments, methods of treating a subject include: administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a cytoplast. Also, provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) that include a cytoplast. Also, provided herein are kits comprising instructions for using the compositions or methods.