Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current glucose monitoring technologies, especially for diabetic patients, face challenges in providing accurate, sensitive, and cost-effective methods for measuring blood glucose levels, often requiring invasive techniques or being unsuitable for commercial use due to high costs and complexity.
Innovation Solution
An electrochemical sensor system comprising screen-printed electrodes coated with a layer of manganese peroxidase, glucose oxidase, bovine serum albumin, and Nafion™, which allows for the detection of glucose in a wide range of concentrations with a low detection limit, using a recombinant manganese peroxidase from corn and glucose oxidase, enhancing sensitivity and selectivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If traditional glucose monitoring technologies are used, then measurement capability is provided, but invasive techniques are required and costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical sensing methods with a non-invasive electrochemical sensor that detects glucose through enzymatic reactions in body fluids, eliminating the need for physical intrusion while maintaining measurement reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces glucose oxidase and peroxidase enzymes as intermediary substances that facilitate glucose detection through chemical reactions, enabling accurate measurement without direct contact with blood vessels
2Measurement precision
If complex sensor systems are used, then detection sensitivity is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functional components (electrode, glucose oxidase, peroxidase, chromogen) into a single integrated sensor unit, achieving high detection sensitivity while reducing overall system complexity and cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite enzymatic systems combining glucose oxidase and peroxidase with chromogenic substrates to enhance detection sensitivity through synergistic chemical reactions, achieving better performance without proportionally increasing complexity
3Measurement precision
If conventional enzyme coatings are used, then glucose detection is enabled, but selectivity and sensitivity are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a specific enzymatic coating composition containing glucose oxidase and peroxidase with optimized concentrations and ratios, creating a localized active site that enhances glucose detection sensitivity while minimizing interference from other substances
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes parameters such as enzyme concentration, coating thickness, and chromogen ratio to enhance the sensor's ability to distinguish glucose from interfering substances like ascorbic acid and citric acid, improving selectivity through parameter optimization
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The sensor system achieves a low detection limit of 2.9 μM glucose concentration, is cost-effective, and demonstrates high sensitivity and selectivity, capable of detecting glucose in various concentrations, including in the presence of interfering substances like ascorbic acid and citric acid, making it suitable for practical use.
Implementation Method 1
The sensor can comprise a working electrode and a counter electrode, wherein the working electrode further includes glucose oxidase
Implementation Method 2
glucose oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid with the concomitant production of hydrogen peroxide
Implementation Method 3
manganese peroxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of a substrate with hydrogen peroxide to produce electrons
Implementation Method 4
manganese peroxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of a substrate with hydrogen peroxide to produce electrons
Implementation Method 5
detecting the current generated from the oxidation of H2O2 during said exposing, wherein current corresponds to the concentration of glucose in the fluid sample
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed to an electrochemical sensor for the measurement of glucose concentration comprising one or more electrodes, a coating that surrounds the one or more electrodes, and two or more enzymes distributed within the coating, wherein the two or more enzymes comprises peroxidase and glucose oxidase.