Enzyme-Modified Diesel Fuel Cetane and Emissions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for producing diesel fuel struggle to meet international standards efficiently, often requiring long reaction times and resulting in inconsistent fuel properties, while failing to effectively reduce NOx, SOx, CO, and PM emissions.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the mixing of an aqueous enzyme solution containing lipase enzyme with a water-soluble alcohol and pineapple-derived bromelain enzyme with light oil, which enhances cetane number, reduces aromatic content, and improves flash point, sulfur content, and viscosity, using a system that includes enzyme mixing, maturation, and refining processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional methods are used to produce diesel fuel, then production can proceed with standard processes, but the reaction time is long and fuel properties are inconsistent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition parameters of the diesel fuel through controlled addition of oxygen-containing compounds (alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters) at specific concentrations (0.1-5% by weight). This changes the molecular structure parameters of the fuel, improving combustion characteristics and reducing emissions while maintaining consistent production quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite fuel formulation by combining base diesel fuel with multiple oxygen-containing additives (alcohols, carboxylic acids, and their esters) in specific ratios. This composite approach produces a fuel with improved cetane number, reduced aromatic content, and consistent combustion properties that meet international standards.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional diesel fuel is used, then fuel can be produced without special additives, but emissions of NOx, SOx, CO, and PM remain high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the typically harmful effect of oxygenated compounds (which can increase acid number and affect stability) into a benefit by carefully selecting specific oxygen-containing additives that reduce emissions. The oxygen in these compounds promotes more complete combustion, reducing CO and PM emissions, while the controlled concentrations prevent excessive acidification.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameter composition of diesel fuel by adding oxygen-containing compounds at optimized concentrations. This modifies the combustion characteristics and emission profile of the fuel, achieving lower NOx, SOx, CO, and PM emissions while maintaining acceptable fuel stability and combustion properties.
3Quantity of substance
If standard diesel production processes are used, then production capacity is maintained, but the capacity of original oil is not increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-mixing the oxygen-containing additives with the base fuel before distribution and combustion. This preliminary formulation ensures that the fuel is ready for efficient combustion without requiring additional processing steps during operation, thereby increasing the effective capacity and productivity of the original oil.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method produces diesel fuel that consistently meets international standards, with improved cetane number, reduced emissions, and increased fuel efficiency, while also increasing the capacity of the original oil by 20-40%, and shortening reaction time by 10-20%.
Implementation Method 1
mixing an aqueous enzyme solution containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of a lipase enzyme
Implementation Method 2
producing diesel fuel by esterification reaction of oil and fat in the presence of an alcohol utilizing a specific yeast-derived lipase
Implementation Method 3
adding a second enzyme solution in light oil having 0.001 to 0.01% by weight of pineapple-derived enzyme containing bromelain
Data Source
AI summary
[Issues] To provide a method to produce diesel fuel that meets the standards of almost all countries in a short time.[Solution] A method for producing diesel fuel having improved properties by mixing an aqueous enzyme solution containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of a lipase enzyme as a first enzyme with a water-soluble alcohol so as to be an aqueous alcohol solution having an alcohol concentration of from 20 to 35%, comprises adding a second enzyme solution in light oil having 0.001 to 0.01% by weight of pineapple-derived enzyme containing bromelain, dissolved in light oil to said base oil.