3D Laminating Apparatus Electron Beam Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional three-dimensional laminating and shaping apparatuses require manual adjustment of electron beam irradiation conditions due to changes in powder layer thickness and beam current, leading to inefficiencies in melting and combining powder layers during the shaping process.

Innovation Solution

A three-dimensional laminating and shaping apparatus equipped with a powder feeding unit, electron beam column, insulating portion, ammeter, melting judging unit, and deflection controller that automatically adjusts irradiation conditions based on current measurements to ensure consistent melting and bonding of powder layers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If manual adjustment of electron beam irradiation conditions is performed, then the apparatus can adapt to changes in powder layer thickness and beam current, but the operation becomes complex and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to powder layer changesVSAvoidoperational simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The apparatus automatically determines irradiation conditions by measuring the current value itself, without requiring user intervention. The control unit receives the current value from the ammeter and autonomously calculates the optimal irradiation conditions, making the system self-adjusting and eliminating manual operation complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses real-time current measurement feedback from the ammeter to dynamically adjust irradiation conditions. The control unit continuously monitors the current value and modifies irradiation parameters based on this feedback, enabling automatic adaptation to changing powder layer conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If preset irradiation conditions are used, then the operation is simple, but the powder layer may not be reliably melted and combined when conditions change

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational simplicityVSAvoidmelting and combining reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors the current value during irradiation and uses this feedback to maintain reliable melting and combining. The control unit adjusts irradiation conditions in real-time based on current measurements, ensuring consistent process quality even when powder layer conditions vary

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The apparatus autonomously maintains optimal irradiation conditions for reliable melting and combining by self-adjusting based on current measurements, eliminating the need for manual intervention while ensuring process reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If automatic determination of irradiation conditions is implemented, then the melting and combining process becomes reliable, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemelting and combining reliabilityVSAvoidapparatus structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit serves multiple functions: it receives current values from the ammeter, calculates optimal irradiation conditions, and controls the electron beam irradiation process. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components, minimizing device complexity while achieving automatic determination

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The ammeter acts as an intermediary component that provides current measurement data to the control unit. This simple intermediary enables automatic determination of irradiation conditions without requiring complex sensing or measurement systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The apparatus ensures reliable melting and combination of powder layers by automatically determining and maintaining optimal electron beam irradiation conditions, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the three-dimensional shaping process.

Implementation Method 1

irradiate, with an electron beam, a predetermined area of a powder layer that is made of a metal material and the like so that a portion of the powder layer melts

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron beam heating: Electron Beam

Implementation Method 2

a portion of the powder layer melts and then becomes combined with an underlying structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

an ammeter connected between the three-dimensional structure and the ground potential member and configured to measure a current value of a current flowing into the ground potential member after passing through the three-dimensional structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 4

an insulating portion that is in contact with the three-dimensional structure and electrically insulates the three-dimensional structure from a ground potential member

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical insulation: Dielectric

Data Source

PatentEP3473359B1Three-dimensional laminating and shaping apparatus and laminating and shaping method
Publication Date: 2020.08.05 ADVANTEST CORP
  • EP3473359B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3473359B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3473359B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Provided is a three-dimensional laminating and shaping apparatus 100 including a column unit 200 that is configured to output an electron beam EB and deflect the electron beam EB toward the front surface of a powder layer 32, an insulating portion that electrically insulates a three-dimensional structure 36 from a ground potential member, an ammeter 73 that is configured to measure the current value indicative of the current flowing into the ground after passing through the three-dimensional structure 36, a melting judging unit 410 that is configured to detect that the powder layer 32 is melted based on the current value measured by the ammeter 73 and generate a melting signal, and a deflection controller 420 that is configured to receive the melting signal to determine the condition for the irradiation with the electron beam.