Laminate Adhesion via Epichlorohydrin Primer for Fuel Hoses
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current laminates used in automotive fuel hoses face challenges with adhesiveness, particularly when immersed in fuel, due to poor bonding between fluorine-containing polymer and epichlorohydrin rubber layers, which affects their service life and durability.
Innovation Solution
A composition for laminates is developed, comprising an epichlorohydrin polymer, a compound with a vinyl group, a 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecene-7 salt or a 1,5-diazabicyclo(4.3.0)-nonene-5 salt, and a metal salt hydrate, which enhances adhesiveness and mechanical properties, including resistance to fuel immersion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fluorine-containing polymer thin film is used as an inner layer and an epichlorohydrin rubber is used as an outer layer, then gasoline impermeability and thermal aging resistance are improved, but adhesiveness between layers deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
A primer layer comprising epichlorohydrin rubber and a specific additive package (including metal salts, sulfenamides, and peroxides) is introduced as an intermediary between the fluorine-containing polymer inner layer and the epichlorohydrin rubber outer layer. This primer layer acts as a chemical bridge that enhances interlayer adhesiveness through controlled crosslinking reactions, while maintaining the fuel impermeability of the fluorine layer and the thermal aging resistance of the epichlorohydrin rubber layer.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention modifies the chemical parameters of the epichlorohydrin rubber by incorporating specific additives (metal salts such as zinc oxide, sulfenamides, and peroxides) that change the rubber's crosslinking density and chemical reactivity. These parameter changes enable the epichlorohydrin rubber to form stronger chemical bonds with both the fluorine-containing polymer and the outer rubber layer, resolving the adhesion problem while preserving the material's inherent resistance properties.
2Strength
If additives are added to polymer composition to improve adhesiveness, then adhesiveness between layers is improved, but composition complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The epichlorohydrin rubber-based primer layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides adhesion promotion through chemical crosslinking, acts as a barrier layer for fuel resistance, and facilitates bonding between dissimilar polymers. The additive package (metal salts, sulfenamides, peroxides) is designed to perform multiple roles including crosslinking catalyst, vulcanization agent, and adhesion promoter, thereby reducing the need for separate functional components and simplifying the overall laminate structure.
3Strength
If conventional adhesive techniques are used for laminate, then initial adhesiveness is achieved, but adhesiveness during fuel immersion deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The primer layer is pre-formulated with crosslinking agents (peroxides) and catalysts (metal salts, sulfenamides) that initiate and accelerate crosslinking reactions during the lamination process. This preliminary chemical action creates a densely crosslinked network structure before fuel exposure, which maintains adhesion strength even when immersed in fuel. The pre-established crosslinked structure prevents fuel penetration and adhesion degradation that occur with conventional non-crosslinked adhesive systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves excellent adhesiveness and durability of the laminate, even under severe conditions such as fuel immersion, extending the service life of automotive fuel hoses and improving their resistance to thermal and chemical stress.
Implementation Method 1
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecene-7 salt, a 1,5-diazabicyclo(4.3.0)-nonene-5 salt, 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecene-7 and 1,5-diazabicyclo(4.3.0)-nonene-5
Implementation Method 2
a metal salt hydrate, wherein the metal salt hydrate (d) is a hydrate of an acetic acid salt or a sulfuric acid salt of a metal selected from aluminum, sodium, calcium, zinc, manganese, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium and copper
Data Source
AI summary
A composition for laminates, comprising: (a) an epichlorohydrin polymer; (b) a compound having a vinyl group; (c) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecene-7 salt, a 1,5-diazabicyclo(4.3.0)-nonene-5 salt, 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecene-7 and 1,5-diazabicyclo(4.3.0)-nonene-5; and (d) a metal salt hydrate.