Epicyclic Gearbox Layout for Multi-Engine Aircraft Speed Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current reduction gearboxes in turboprop aircraft engines are inefficient in reducing rotational speed, leading to suboptimal performance and increased complexity, weight, and maintenance costs due to the high number of moving parts and lubrication requirements.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a planetary gearbox with a unique configuration where the rotation of the ring gear and carrier in each epicyclic gearbox is blocked, and the gears are designed with specific tooth shapes and markings to facilitate efficient speed reduction, reducing the number of moving parts and optimizing torque distribution, thereby simplifying the gearbox design and reducing weight and maintenance needs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If a conventional reduction gearbox is used to reduce the rotational speed of the turbine, then the propeller can be driven at the appropriate speed, but the gearbox becomes complex with many moving parts requiring extensive lubrication

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational speed reductionVSAvoidgearbox complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional planetary gearbox design by blocking the ring gear instead of the carrier. This inversion simplifies the design by eliminating the need for a complex carrier structure with multiple planet gears, reducing the number of moving parts and lubrication requirements while maintaining effective speed reduction from the turbine to the propeller

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and eliminates unnecessary components from the conventional planetary gearbox design. By blocking the ring gear and using a simplified carrier structure, the design removes redundant moving parts that would require lubrication, thereby reducing gearbox complexity while preserving the speed reduction function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Speed

If a conventional reduction gearbox with many moving parts is used, then speed reduction is achieved, but the weight of the gearbox increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational speed reductionVSAvoidgearbox weight
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

By inverting the conventional design to block the ring gear rather than the carrier, the patent eliminates the need for a heavy, complex carrier structure with multiple planet gears. This inversion reduces the overall weight of the gearbox while maintaining the necessary speed reduction capability for driving the propeller

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent removes unnecessary moving parts from the conventional planetary gearbox design, thereby reducing the overall weight. The simplified structure with fewer components directly reduces gearbox weight while preserving the essential function of reducing turbine rotational speed to appropriate propeller speed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Speed

If a conventional reduction gearbox is used, then the turbine's high rotational speed is reduced, but the number of moving parts increases leading to higher maintenance costs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational speed reductionVSAvoidmaintenance requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional planetary gearbox design by blocking the ring gear instead of the carrier. This design choice reduces the number of moving parts that require maintenance, such as planet gears and their bearings, thereby lowering maintenance costs and improving ease of repair while maintaining effective speed reduction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and eliminates unnecessary moving parts from the conventional gearbox design. By removing redundant components that would require regular maintenance, the simplified design reduces maintenance requirements and costs while preserving the essential speed reduction function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP3859134B1Multi-engine aircraft and method of operating a multi-engine aircraft
Publication Date: 2024.05.15 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP
  • EP3859134B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3859134B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3859134B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An aircraft (1) includes first and second engines (10, 10A, 10B), one or more aircraft rotors (12, 12P) associated with the first and second engines (10, 10A, 10B), a first epicyclic gearbox (20) having: a) an output operatively connected at least one of the one or more aircraft rotors (12, 12P), and b) an input defined by a sun gear (32) of the first epicyclic gearbox (20); and a second epicyclic gearbox (58) having: a) an output operatively connected to at least one of the one or more aircraft rotors (12, 12P), and b) an input defined by a sun gear (60) of the second epicyclic gearbox (58). Output of the first epicyclic gearbox (20) is defined by the carrier (40). Output of the second epicyclic gearbox (58) is defined by its ring gear (62). A multi-engine aircraft (1) and a method of operating a multi-engine aircraft (1) are also described.