Substituted Epoxide Rubber Composition for Tire Tread
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Solution Overview
Problem
Diene rubber compositions modified with 1,3-dipolar compounds bearing pendent glycidyl groups often result in degraded properties at break, which are unsuitable for use in tires due to high stresses and strains during rolling, and increased rolling resistance.
Innovation Solution
A rubber composition incorporating a 1,3-dipolar compound with a specific substituted epoxide group, where the epoxide group is a 3-membered ether ring with a tertiary or quaternary carbon connected to the dipole, is used in combination with diene elastomers and a reinforcing filler, enhancing properties at break and hysteresis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If 1,3-dipolar compounds bearing pendent glycidyl groups are introduced into diene rubber compositions, then functional groups can be grafted on the diene elastomers, but the properties at break are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure parameter of the epoxide group from a standard glycidyl group to a specifically substituted epoxide group where the epoxide ring is connected to the dipole through a carbon chain of 1-4 atoms. This structural parameter change resolves the contradiction by maintaining grafting capability while improving break properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a specific local structural feature - a substituted epoxide group with particular connectivity (epoxide ring connected via 1-4 carbon chain to the dipole) - that provides different local chemical properties compared to standard glycidyl groups, enabling both grafting and improved mechanical properties
2Reliability
If conventional 1,3-dipolar compounds with glycidyl groups are used, then crosslinking can occur, but rolling resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the epoxide group structure parameter to a substituted variant where the epoxide ring is connected to the dipole through a 1-4 carbon chain. This parameter change enables effective crosslinking while reducing rolling resistance, resolving the contradiction between reliability and energy loss
3Stability of the object's composition
If diene rubber compositions are crosslinked, then structural integrity is improved, but properties at break are degraded due to high stresses during rolling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure parameter of the crosslinking agent from conventional glycidyl groups to specifically substituted epoxide groups. This structural modification allows the crosslinked network to maintain integrity while being more resistant to degradation under rolling stresses, thus resolving the contradiction
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The rubber composition exhibits improved properties at break and processing, maintaining good hysteresis properties without increasing rolling resistance, thus suitable for tire manufacturing.
Implementation Method 1
1,3-dipolar compounds typically react with the diene elastomers of the rubber composition. The reactivity of the dipole of the 1,3-dipolar compound with regard to the diene elastomers makes it possible to graft functional groups on the diene elastomers
Implementation Method 2
the epoxide group being a 3-membered ether ring in which a first member is a carbon atom exhibiting a connection to the dipole of the 1,3-dipolar compound and a second member is a tertiary or quaternary carbon
Data Source
AI summary
A rubber composition based on at least one diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler and a 1,3-dipolar compound comprising an epoxide group is provided. The epoxide group is a 3-membered ether ring in which a first member is a carbon atom exhibiting a connection to the dipole of the 1,3-dipolar compound and a second member is a tertiary or quaternary carbon. Such a rubber composition exhibits improved properties at break and an improved processing, as well as good hysteresis properties.