Electric Power Steering Coil Temperature Estimation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electric power steering apparatuses face challenges in accurately estimating coil temperature, especially when abnormalities occur, due to the lack of consideration for heat transfer between phase coils and the control substrate, leading to potential errors in temperature estimation.

Innovation Solution

An electric power steering apparatus that includes a temperature sensor to detect the substrate temperature and a coil temperature estimating section, which calculates coil calorific values and substrate calorific values using motor current data, correcting these values when abnormalities occur to estimate coil temperature based on heat transfer phenomena expressed by differential equations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If heat transfer between phase coils and control substrate is not considered in temperature estimation, then the estimation process is simpler, but the temperature estimation accuracy deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoil temperature estimation accuracyVSAvoidtemperature estimation model complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The temperature estimation model is segmented into multiple independent heat transfer paths: heat generation in each phase coil, heat transfer from coil to substrate, and heat transfer from substrate to environment. Each path is modeled separately with its own differential equation, allowing accurate representation of complex thermal behavior while maintaining manageable computational complexity through modular structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The control substrate is introduced as an intermediary thermal element between the phase coils and the environment. The substrate acts as a heat transfer medium that receives heat from multiple coil phases and dissipates it to the environment, enabling accurate modeling of heat transfer phenomena that would be difficult to capture if coils were modeled directly interacting with ambient air

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If conventional temperature estimation methods are used without substrate temperature detection, then the system structure is simpler, but the temperature estimation accuracy deteriorates under abnormal conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature estimation reliability under abnormal conditionsVSAvoidsystem structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A temperature sensor is installed on the control substrate to detect substrate temperature in advance. This preliminary temperature measurement provides critical boundary condition data for the heat transfer model, enabling accurate coil temperature estimation even when abnormal conditions occur and making real-time corrections to the estimation algorithm

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The substrate temperature detection creates a feedback loop where the measured substrate temperature is continuously fed into the temperature estimation model. This feedback allows the system to dynamically adjust temperature estimates based on actual thermal conditions, significantly improving reliability under abnormal operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If heat transfer phenomenon between coil and control substrate is considered, then temperature estimation accuracy is improved, but the calculation complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoil temperature estimation accuracyVSAvoidtemperature calculation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer model uses parameter changes to simplify calculations: thermal resistance and thermal capacitance parameters are defined for each heat transfer path, transforming complex partial differential equations into more manageable ordinary differential equations that can be solved efficiently with standard numerical methods while maintaining high accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables more precise and accurate estimation of coil temperature, even during abnormal conditions, by considering heat transfer between the control substrate and coils, ensuring safe operation and preventing overheating.

Implementation Method 1

a temperature sensor (105) that detects a substrate temperature of the control substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy measurement: Thermistor

Implementation Method 2

estimates a coil temperature of the phase by the coil calorific value, the substrate calorific value and the substrate temperature based on a heat transfer phenomenon between the respective phases that is caused by a difference in temperature between coils of the respective phases and a heat transfer phenomenon between the coil and the control substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

obtains coil calorific values of respective phases of the poly-phase motor and a substrate calorific value of the control substrate by a motor current of the phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResistive heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3379722B1Electric power steering device
Publication Date: 2020.06.03 NSK LTD
  • EP3379722B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3379722B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3379722B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

[Problem] An object of the present invention is to provide an electric power steering apparatus that enables more precise estimation of a coil temperature by considering a heat transfer phenomenon between a control substrate and a coil in addition to a heat transfer phenomenon between respective phases of a poly-phase coil for a poly-phase motor having a multi-system motor winding, and enables the estimation of the coil temperature even when an abnormality occurs in any of the systems. [Means for solving the problem] An electric power steering apparatus comprises a temperature sensor that detects a substrate temperature of the control substrate; and a coil temperature estimating section that obtains coil calorific values of respective phases of the poly-phase motor and a substrate calorific value of the control substrate by a motor current of the phase, and estimates a coil temperature of the phase by the coil calorific value, the substrate calorific value and the substrate temperature based on a heat transfer phenomenon between the respective phases that is caused by a difference in temperature between coils of the respective phases and a heat transfer phenomenon between the coil and the control substrate; the coil temperature estimating section estimates the coil temperature by values that are obtained by correcting the coil calorific value and the substrate calorific value that are obtained in a normal system, and the substrate temperature, when an abnormality occurs in any of systems; and the heat transfer phenomenon is expressed by a differential equation.