Equivalent Cell Circuit Monitoring for Battery SOH Anomalies
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery monitoring systems lack real-time capabilities to detect faults and anomalies in battery health, particularly in high-voltage battery systems used in vehicles, which can lead to unexpected failures and safety issues.
Innovation Solution
A battery monitoring system that uses an equivalent cell circuit model to predict battery behavior and compare it to actual performance, providing real-time notifications of faults such as charge capacity and internal resistance changes, allowing for prompt corrective actions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If real-time monitoring of battery health parameters is implemented, then battery safety and reliability are improved, but system complexity and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-calculates and stores lookup tables containing open-circuit voltage versus state of charge relationships and temperature compensation parameters during system initialization or manufacturing. These pre-computed tables enable real-time monitoring without requiring complex runtime calculations, thus improving battery safety while minimizing system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an equivalent cell circuit model as an intermediary between raw sensor measurements and battery health assessment. This model acts as a mediator that translates complex electrochemical behavior into simplified electrical parameters (voltage, current, resistance) that can be monitored in real-time without requiring direct measurement of internal battery states
2Measurement precision
If continuous monitoring of charge capacity and internal resistance is performed, then detection precision of battery faults is improved, but energy consumption and computational load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs comprehensive battery health assessments periodically when the battery is in idle state rather than continuously during operation. Full state of charge calculations and internal resistance measurements are conducted at scheduled intervals, while during active operation only critical voltage and current parameters are monitored, reducing overall energy consumption while maintaining adequate detection precision
Solution Approach 2:
The monitoring system implements different levels of monitoring intensity based on operational context. During normal operation, basic voltage and current monitoring is performed with lower computational overhead. When abnormal conditions are detected or during idle periods, more intensive measurements including full charge capacity assessment and internal resistance calculation are executed, achieving high precision when needed while conserving energy during routine operation
3Loss of time
If real-time fault detection and notification system is implemented, then response time to battery issues is improved, but system complexity and processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where battery parameters are continuously monitored, compared against threshold values and historical data, and automatically trigger notifications when anomalies are detected. The notification system provides real-time feedback to operators or control systems, enabling rapid response to battery issues without requiring complex manual analysis or intervention
Solution Approach 2:
The monitoring system automatically performs self-diagnosis and self-notification functions without requiring external intervention. The system autonomously detects faults, determines their severity, and generates appropriate notifications or alerts, reducing the need for complex external monitoring infrastructure while maintaining fast response times
Data Source
AI summary
Battery management systems and methods can provide real-time automated monitoring of various aspects of battery health and operation. Some battery management systems can use an equivalent cell circuit model to predict a range for the expected behavior of a battery cell under actual operating conditions in real-time. The prediction can be compared to the actual behavior of the cell to determine whether an anomaly exists. Some battery management systems can maintain an estimate of battery state-of-health parameters such as charge capacity and internal resistance and can update these estimates in real time while the battery is being discharged and/or charged. Anomalous variations in a monitored parameter can trigger a real-time fault notification.