Errante Noir Grapevine Resists Pierce's Disease
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current grapevine varieties resistant to Pierce's disease (PD) either produce low-quality wine or have limited resistance, making them unsuitable for high-quality winemaking and vineyard protection.
Innovation Solution
Development of the 'Errante Noir' grapevine variety, which is 97% Vitis vinifera and possesses a single dominant gene for strong resistance to Xylella fastidiosa, combined with marker-assisted selection for PD resistance and backcrossing with high-quality V. vinifera cultivars to maintain wine quality, resulting in a highly resistant and high-quality wine grape.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If PD resistant varieties like 'Blanc du Bois' and 'Lenoir' are used, then resistance to Pierce's disease is improved, but wine quality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the resistance trait from the quality traits by using a single dominant resistance gene (PdR1) that can be introgressed into high-quality V. vinifera backgrounds through backcrossing, separating the function of disease resistance from wine quality determination
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the genetic parameter by identifying and utilizing a single dominant gene (PdR1) rather than relying on complex multigenic resistance, and by increasing the V. vinifera genetic content from 50% to 97% through repeated backcrossing, thereby improving both resistance reliability and wine quality
2Reliability
If tolerant varieties like 'Blanc du Bois' and 'Lenoir' are used, then survival in PD-infected areas is improved, but the ability to act as host plants spreads the disease, worsening disease control
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful tolerance trait into a beneficial resistance trait by selecting for strong resistance that prevents bacterial colonization and reproduction, transforming the variety from a disease amplifier to a disease suppressor while maintaining vine survival
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the resistance parameter from tolerance (allowing bacterial survival) to strong resistance (preventing bacterial colonization), fundamentally altering the plant-pathogen interaction outcome
3Reliability
If breeding for PD resistance is pursued through traditional methods, then resistance is improved, but progress is slow due to multigenic nature and poor germplasm understanding
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback through marker-assisted selection using tightly linked SSR markers that track the PdR1 gene through generations, providing real-time genetic information to guide breeding decisions and accelerate progress
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional phenotypic selection (mechanical observation of disease symptoms) with molecular marker-based genotypic selection, substituting visual assessment with DNA marker analysis to identify resistant plants
4Manufacturing precision
If backcrossing with V. vinifera is performed to improve wine quality, then wine quality is improved, but PD resistance may be diluted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback from SSR marker analysis to monitor the PdR1 gene presence through each backcross generation, ensuring resistance is maintained while allowing extensive V. vinifera background recovery
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by selecting parents with both the PdR1 gene and desirable V. vinifera characteristics before backcrossing, and by using marker-assisted selection throughout the breeding process to pre-identify promising progeny
Data Source
AI summary
A new and distinct variety of grapevine plant named ‘Errante Noir’, particularly selected for its high resistance to Pierce's disease, as well as quality of fruit and wines produced is disclosed.