Transmit Power Density Normalization for Electronically Steerable Antennas

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Solution Overview

Problem

In satellite communication systems, electronically steerable antennas (ESA) face challenges in meeting transmit power masks due to dynamically changing scan angles, which affect off-axis emission levels and require adjustments to the maximum power per bandwidth limit.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of transmit power density limit normalization methods that account for varying maximum transmit power per bandwidth based on the type of ESA and its characterization, using a δ data store to store scan-angle-dependent backoff values and adjusting the transmit gain accordingly.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a fixed maximum power per bandwidth limit is applied to all antennas, then the regulation is simple to implement, but electronically steerable antennas cannot meet the transmit power mask requirements across varying scan angles

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetransmit power mask complianceVSAvoidpower limit adjustment mechanism

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the maximum power per bandwidth limit variable rather than fixed. The power limit is dynamically adjusted based on the scan angle of the electronically steerable antenna, allowing the system to adapt to changing radiation patterns and maintain compliance with transmit power masks across different operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of maximum power per bandwidth limit based on scan angle. By introducing scan angle as a variable parameter that modifies the power limit, the system accounts for the directional characteristics of electronically steerable antennas and ensures proper compliance without requiring complex additional hardware.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the maximum power per bandwidth limit is adjusted for each scan angle, then transmit power mask compliance is improved, but the complexity of power control increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveoff-axis emission controlVSAvoidpower control operation

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-service by automatically adjusting the power limit based on the current scan angle without requiring manual intervention. The electronically steerable antenna system autonomously determines the appropriate power limit according to its own operational state, eliminating the need for complex external control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring the scan angle and using this information to adjust the maximum power per bandwidth limit in real-time. This closed-loop approach ensures that the power limit is always appropriate for the current antenna pointing direction, maintaining off-axis emission control while simplifying operation through automated feedback-driven adjustment.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS20250024384A1Transmit power density limit normalization for electronically steerable antennas with scan angle varying density limit

Publication Date: 2025.01.16 HUGHES NETWORK SYST

AI summary

Techniques described herein provide transmit power density limit normalization for electronically steerable antenna subsystems in user terminals having scan angle varying power spectral density limits. Embodiments can further simplify or eliminate impacts on UT modem and/or satellite ground networks, and can remove dependencies on the UT antenna type and its antenna performance characterization.