Espresso Coffee Machine Air Injection Control for Emulsion Quality

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing espresso coffee machines face challenges in efficiently and flexibly controlling the pre-brewing process, particularly in introducing pressurized air at a suitable temperature and flow rate, which affects the emulsion quality of the beverage, due to limitations in air flow control and temperature matching with brewing water.

Innovation Solution

An espresso coffee machine equipped with a compressor driven by a variable speed motor and an electronically controlled heating element allows for adjustable air flow and temperature during the pre-brewing process, enabling precise control of air flow and temperature to optimize emulsion formation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a compressor with fixed speed is used to inject pressurized air during pre-brewing, then air pressure can be generated, but the air flow rate and temperature cannot be adjusted to optimize emulsion for different brewing conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveemulsion control flexibilityVSAvoidair control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the dynamics principle by replacing a fixed-speed compressor with a variable speed motor-driven compressor. This allows the air flow rate to be dynamically adjusted during the pre-brewing process, enabling optimization of emulsion characteristics for different coffee quantities and brewing conditions without requiring multiple fixed-speed compressors or complex manual adjustment mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements parameter changes by introducing an electronically controlled heating element that heats the air from the compressor before it enters the brewing chamber. By varying the heating temperature and duration, the air temperature parameter can be precisely controlled to match different brewing requirements, thereby optimizing emulsion formation while maintaining brewing water temperature stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Quantity of substance

If air is introduced at high flow rate during pre-brewing, then emulsion formation is enhanced, but brewing water temperature decreases due to heat exchange with cooler air

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair flow rateVSAvoidbrewing water temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary anti-action by heating the air with an electronically controlled heating element before it enters the brewing chamber. This pre-heating counteracts the potential cooling effect that would occur when air contacts the brewing water, thereby preventing temperature loss and maintaining optimal brewing conditions even when high air flow rates are used for enhanced emulsion formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the air temperature parameter through electronic control of the heating element. By increasing air temperature in proportion to air flow rate, the system maintains thermal balance and prevents brewing water temperature degradation while still achieving the desired high air flow rates for optimal emulsion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If manual air flow adjustment is used during pre-brewing, then device complexity is reduced, but the ability to precisely control emulsion for different coffee quantities is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol system simplicityVSAvoidair flow control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual mechanical air flow adjustment with an electronically controlled variable speed motor system. This substitution enables precise electronic control of air flow rate and temperature parameters, allowing the system to adapt to different coffee quantities and brewing conditions with high precision while maintaining relatively simple overall device architecture through electronic rather than mechanical complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables a simple, efficient, and flexible pre-brewing process that maintains the brewing water temperature, controls air volume expansion, and adjusts emulsion levels, resulting in improved beverage quality by varying air flow and temperature to suit different coffee quantities and brewing conditions.

Implementation Method 1

a compressor (42), electronically controlled by the electronic control unit (18), for injecting air at a predetermined pressure value into the brewing chamber (36)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas compression: Gas Compressor

Implementation Method 2

at least one heating element (44), also electronically controlled by the electronic control unit (18), for injecting air at a predetermined temperature value into the brewing chamber (36)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

the passage of water at optimal pressure and temperature through the layer of coffee powder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure-driven flow: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 4

the emulsion process of the oils extracted in the previous step, through which the beverage assumes the creamy appearance that distinguishes it

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEmulsion formation: Emulsion

Implementation Method 5

imprisons in this emulsion the air and the aromatic substances it encounters in its path until it comes out of the filter, forming tiny bubbles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAir entrapment: Air Entrainment

Implementation Method 6

the flow of pressurized air which is introduced into the brewing chamber during the pre-brewing process is generated by a compressor driven by a variable speed motor, so that the air flow can be varied through an electronic control

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVariable speed control:

Data Source

PatentEP3430950B1Espresso coffee machine and relative device for controlling the emulsion of the coffee-based beverage
Publication Date: 2020.06.10 CARIMALI SPA
  • EP3430950B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

An espresso coffee machine is described, comprising a main boiler, provided for producing hot water and steam, at least one dispensing group, provided for producing coffee, a secondary boiler provided to keep the water for dispensing coffee at a predetermined temperature value identified by a temperature probe, a main water inlet circuit for inletting water from the water supply network, hydraulically connected to the main boiler and to each secondary boiler and an electronic control unit. The main water inlet circuit comprises at least one pump that applies a predetermined pressure value to the water. The espresso coffee machine further comprises a dispensing valve, which determines the start and end of the dispensing by passing the water from the secondary boiler of each dispensing group to a brewing chamber of such a dispensing group, an air inlet circuit hydraulically connected to the brewing chamber of each dispensing group, at least one compressor, located on the air inlet circuit, electronically controlled by the electronic control unit and arranged to inject air at a predefined pressure value in the brewing chamber of each dispensing group and at least one heating element, located on the air inlet circuit, electronically controlled by the electronic control unit and arranged to inject air at a predetermined temperature value into the brewing chamber of each dispensing group.