ET Equalizer Circuit for Impedance and Group Delay Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing envelope tracking (ET) systems in mobile communication devices experience distortions in ET voltage due to trace inductance, load impedance, and group delay, particularly when operating at high modulation bandwidths, leading to inefficiencies and performance degradation.

Innovation Solution

An equalizer circuit is integrated into the ET integrated circuit (ETIC) to equalize the target voltage prior to generating the ET voltage, offsetting inherent impedance and mitigating group delay, thereby reducing distortions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the ET voltage is generated to track the time-variant power envelope of a high modulation bandwidth RF signal, then the data rate is improved, but voltage distortions occur due to trace inductance, load impedance, and group delay

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata rateVSAvoidvoltage tracking accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The equalizer circuit performs preliminary processing on the target voltage before it is used to generate the ET voltage. By pre-equalizing the target voltage to compensate for anticipated impedance and group delay effects, the system proactively counteracts distortions before they occur in the voltage tracking process, thereby maintaining voltage accuracy while enabling high data rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The equalizer circuit acts as an intermediary component between the target voltage source and the ET voltage generator. This intermediate processing stage modifies the target voltage to pre-compensate for distortions that would otherwise occur in the ETIC, serving as a mediator that resolves the conflict between high-speed operation and voltage accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If the modulation bandwidth is increased to achieve higher data rates, then the productivity is improved, but the voltage distortions due to group delay and impedance are exacerbated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata rateVSAvoidvoltage distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The equalizer circuit applies preliminary anti-action by pre-compensating the target voltage with equalization factors that counteract the expected distortions from trace inductance, load impedance, and group delay. This preemptive compensation neutralizes harmful effects before they can degrade the ET voltage, enabling high bandwidth operation without sacrificing voltage accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

3Reliability

If the ET voltage tracks the power envelope with high fidelity to improve power amplifier linearity, then the efficiency is improved, but the complexity of the voltage generation circuit increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower amplifier linearityVSAvoidvoltage generation circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The equalizer circuit serves as an intermediary processing stage that enhances voltage tracking fidelity without requiring fundamental changes to the ETIC architecture. By inserting this intermediate equalization stage, the system achieves improved power amplifier linearity while adding only moderate complexity through a dedicated equalization module rather than redesigning the entire voltage generation system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4244980B1Equalizer circuit in an envelope tracking integrated circuit
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 QORVO US INC
  • EP4244980B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP4244980B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP4244980B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

An equalizer circuit in an envelope tracking (ET) integrated circuit (ETIC) is disclosed. The ETIC (26) is configured to generate an ET voltage based on a target voltage (VTGT) for amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal(s). Since the ETIC has inherent impedance and group delay that can cause distortion in the ET voltage, an equalizer circuit (24) is provided in the ETIC to equalize the target voltage prior to generating the ET voltage. Specifically, the equalizer circuit generates an equalized target voltage to offset the inherent impedance and a modified target voltage to mitigate the group delay. Accordingly, the equalizer circuit can output a processed target voltage, which can include the equalized target voltage and/or the modified target voltage, for generating the ET voltage. As a result, it is possible to reduce distortion resulted from the inherent impedance and group delay, especially when the RF signal(s) is modulated in a wide modulation bandwidth.