EV Battery Thermal Management via Acceleration Truncation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicle batteries face overheating issues due to aggressive acceleration, leading to inefficient battery cooling and reduced driving range, as high battery temperatures can trigger transitions to higher cooling modes, consuming more power and reducing propulsion efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A controller-managed intelligent acceleration truncation system that adjusts the acceleration request based on battery temperature and cooling mode transitions, ensuring the battery stays within safe temperature thresholds by limiting power output and cooling mode usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If aggressive acceleration is allowed to improve vehicle performance, then acceleration capability is improved, but battery temperature increases causing transition to higher cooling modes which consumes more power
Solution Approach 1:
The controller performs preliminary calculation of estimated battery temperature increase before acceleration occurs. By predicting the temperature rise from the demanded acceleration request, the system can proactively truncate the acceleration command to prevent exceeding the first threshold, thereby avoiding transition to higher cooling modes and the associated power consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The system continuously monitors battery temperature and uses this feedback to adjust acceleration commands in real-time. The controller calculates the sum of current battery temperature and estimated temperature increase, and based on this feedback, either allows the demanded acceleration or truncates it to maintain temperature below the first threshold.
2Temperature
If battery cooling mode is increased to maintain battery temperature, then battery temperature control is improved, but battery power used for cooling increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies preliminary anti-action by truncating acceleration requests before they can cause the battery temperature to rise enough to trigger a cooling mode transition. This preventive approach avoids the need to switch to higher cooling modes, thereby preventing the associated energy loss.
3Use of energy by moving object
If acceleration request is truncated to maintain battery temperature below threshold, then energy efficiency is improved, but acceleration performance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies partial action by truncating the acceleration request only to the extent necessary to prevent threshold violation. Rather than completely limiting acceleration, the controller calculates the maximum acceleration that keeps the battery temperature below the first threshold, allowing partial acceleration performance while maintaining energy efficiency.
4Power
If high power output is delivered to accelerate vehicle, then acceleration performance is improved, but battery temperature increases triggering cooling mode transitions
Solution Approach 1:
The controller performs preliminary assessment of the demanded acceleration request by calculating the estimated temperature increase before power delivery occurs. This allows the system to adjust the power output in advance to prevent excessive temperature rise and subsequent cooling mode transitions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system effectively maintains battery temperature below critical thresholds, optimizing energy efficiency, extending the driving range, and preventing battery degradation while maintaining performance.
Implementation Method 1
The battery cooling system is configured to cool the battery in a plurality of cooling modes. A transition from a first mode to a second mode of the battery cooling system corresponds to an increase in battery power being utilized to cool the battery.
Implementation Method 2
The battery cooling system has a coolant circuit and pump that is configured to circulate a coolant within the coolant circuit to cool the battery.
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle includes an electric machine, a battery, an accelerator pedal, a battery cooling system, and a controller. The electric machine is configured to propel the vehicle. The battery is configured to provide electrical power to the electric machine. The battery cooling system is configured to cool the battery in a plurality of cooling modes. A transition between cooling modes of the battery cooling system corresponds to either an increase or a decrease in battery power being utilized to cool the battery. The controller is programmed to truncate an acceleration request under certain conditions to prevent an increase in battery power output in order to reduce a rate at which the battery temperature increases and to prevent a transition to a cooling mode that requires an increase in battery power output.