Centralized Controller for EV Battery Module Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
The complexity and high manufacturing and maintenance costs of power source apparatus for electric vehicles due to complex electronic circuitry and distributed control systems hinder cost reduction and simplicity.
Innovation Solution
A power source apparatus with a centralized main controller connected to modules, each equipped with battery blocks, state detection, and communication interfaces, allowing centralized computation, simplified structure, and reduced hardware costs, along with features like memory sections for data storage and equalizing circuits for battery cell capacity balance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If each battery module is provided with control circuitry such as a microcomputer for monitoring and control, then monitor and control capability is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the control functions of all battery modules into a single main controller that manages the entire battery pack. Instead of having distributed microcomputers in each module, one centralized controller handles monitoring and control for all modules, significantly reducing overall system complexity while maintaining full control capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The main controller serves multiple functions simultaneously: it monitors voltage, current, and temperature across all modules; controls charging and discharging; manages communication between modules; and handles safety functions. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for separate control circuits in each module.
2Reliability
If each battery module is provided with control circuitry such as a microcomputer for monitoring and control, then monitor and control capability is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
By consolidating control functions into a single main controller, the patent reduces the total number of electronic components required. This merging approach lowers component costs, reduces assembly complexity, and decreases manufacturing expenses while maintaining comprehensive monitoring and control across all battery modules.
3Reliability
If each battery module is provided with control circuitry such as a microcomputer for monitoring and control, then monitor and control capability is improved, but data processing becomes demanding
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines all data processing functions into the centralized main controller. Instead of having multiple distributed microcomputers each processing data independently, the single controller collects and processes all data from all modules, simplifying the overall data processing architecture and reducing computational redundancy.
Data Source
AI summary
The power source apparatus is provided with a plurality of modules (10), and a main controller (2) connected with communication interface units (16) in each module via a communication line CB. Each module is provided with a battery block (12) having a plurality of battery cells (11) stacked together and connected in series and/or parallel, a battery state detection section (14) to detect the state of the battery cells, communication interface units for data communication with other modules and the main controller, and a memory section (18) that can store data received through the communication interface units. The plurality of modules are connected in series and/or parallel with an output line OL.