EV Cold Start Battery Pulsing for Fast Low-Temperature Starting
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Solution Overview
Problem
In cold weather, the internal resistance of the low-voltage battery in electric vehicles increases, leading to a sharp drop in cold starting power, causing starting failures, and existing heating solutions like heating films are slow and consume power, further reducing capability.
Innovation Solution
A cold start system that converts high-voltage energy into low-voltage pulses to charge the starting energy supply module, using a conversion module and pulse module to generate large-current pulses, increasing temperature and State of Charge (SOC) quickly.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a heating film is used to heat the low-voltage battery, then the temperature of the battery increases, but the heating speed is very slow and it consumes the power of the 12V starting power supply, further reducing the cold start capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses periodic pulse signals with high current to charge the starting energy supply module. The pulse module converts the second electrical signal into periodic pulse signals that rapidly heat and charge the battery through high current intervals, achieving fast temperature increase without continuous power consumption
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electrical parameters by converting high-voltage signals into low-voltage high-current pulse signals. The conversion module and pulse module transform the electrical characteristics to deliver high current at low voltage, which rapidly heats the battery through I²R heating while providing charging current
2Temperature
If a heating film is used to heat the low-voltage battery, then the temperature of the battery increases, but the power consumption reduces the cold start capability of the 12V starting power supply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the starting energy supply module serve dual functions: it acts as both the power source for starting the vehicle and the object to be heated/charged. The pulse signals simultaneously charge the battery and heat it, eliminating the need for separate heating elements and their associated power consumption
Solution Approach 2:
The starting energy supply module charges and heats itself through the pulse signals generated by the pulse module. The system uses its own electrical energy to rapidly increase its temperature and charge state without consuming power from external heating devices
3Temperature
If traditional heating methods are used, then the battery temperature increases, but it requires external power supplies and takes a long time
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse module generates periodic high-current pulses that rapidly charge and heat the starting energy supply module. The pulsed nature of the signals delivers high power intervals that quickly increase temperature and charge state, reducing the time required compared to continuous low-power heating
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes electrical parameters by converting high-voltage low-current signals into low-voltage high-current pulse signals. This parameter transformation enables rapid energy transfer to the starting energy supply module, achieving fast charging and heating without external power supplies
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system significantly improves cold start capability by rapidly charging and heating the starting energy supply module, achieving cold starts in a fraction of the time required by traditional methods without relying on external power supplies.
Implementation Method 1
The pulse module is configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. Since the pulse signal has a large current, the large-current pulse signal can not only quickly charge the starting energy supply module and increase the SOC value
Implementation Method 2
the large-current pulse signal can not only quickly charge the starting energy supply module and increase the SOC value, but also increase the temperature of the starting energy supply module in a short time
Data Source
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Figure 4(a)~6
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AI summary
The present disclosure provides a cold start system (100), a method and an electric vehicle (10), wherein the cold start system (100) includes a main energy supply module (110), a conversion module (120), a pulse module (130) and a starting energy supply module (140). The main energy supply module (110) is configured to provide a first electrical signal; the conversion module (120) is electrically connected to the main energy supply module (110) and configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal; the pulse module (130) is electrically connected to the conversion module (120) and configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; the starting energy supply module (140) is electrically connected to the pulse module (130) and configured to receive the pulse signal to operate in response to the pulse signal. The cold start system (100) of the present disclosure can greatly improve the cold start capability of the starting energy supply module (140).