EV Battery Controller Managing Charge Imbalance
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Solution Overview
Problem
In electric vehicles with multiple batteries, energy is wasted due to current flow between batteries in different charge states during discharging, reducing their lifespan.
Innovation Solution
An electric power system with a battery controller that manages charging and discharging paths between multiple battery units, using power switches and a logic circuit to regulate charge states, ensuring that only the battery with the higher charge state discharges when necessary and that both batteries charge when the difference is below a threshold, thereby optimizing energy use.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If multiple batteries are employed to provide power, then the power capacity and operating duration are improved, but current flows from one battery to another when they have different charge states, causing energy wastage and reduced battery lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
A controller is introduced as an intermediary device between multiple battery units to manage charging and discharging operations. The controller monitors charge states of each battery and selectively activates charging paths or discharging paths to prevent direct current flow between batteries with different charge states, thereby eliminating energy wastage while maintaining extended operating duration
Solution Approach 2:
The power system is segmented into independent battery units with separate charging paths and discharging paths controlled by a central controller. Each battery unit can be independently managed, allowing the system to selectively charge or discharge specific batteries based on their charge states, preventing harmful current flow between units
2Duration of action of moving object
If multiple batteries are employed to provide power, then the power capacity and operating duration are improved, but current flows from one battery to another when they have different charge states, reducing battery lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
The controller acts as a mediator that prevents direct electrical contact between batteries with different charge states. By monitoring charge states and controlling the activation of charging/discharging paths, the controller eliminates conditions that would cause premature battery degradation, thereby extending battery lifespan while maintaining multi-battery power capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The controller continuously monitors the charge states of multiple battery units and uses this feedback information to make real-time decisions about which charging or discharging paths to activate. This feedback mechanism ensures that batteries are only connected when their charge states are compatible, preventing both energy wastage and lifespan reduction
Data Source
AI summary
An electric power system for an electric vehicle, including: first charging and discharging current paths connected to a first battery unit; second charging and discharging current paths connected to a second battery unit; third charging and discharging current paths for a connection with an electric control system of the vehicle; a first power switch between the first discharging current path and the third discharging current path; a second power switch between the second discharging current path and the third discharging current path; a controlling unit to set the first and second power switches based on states of the accumulators, at least one of the first and second battery units being swappable. A controller, a method, and a vehicle comprising the system are also disclosed.