EV Battery Fire Extinguishing via Internal Injection and Quick Connect
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fire extinguishing systems for electric vehicles are ineffective in preventing and controlling fires within the battery pack, as external spraying methods cannot reach and extinguish fires inside the battery, leading to increased risks during parking and charging, especially in environments where fire control resources are limited.
Innovation Solution
An automatic fire extinguishing system for electric vehicle parking spaces, which includes a detection system monitoring the battery pack, a fire control access system for introducing a fire extinguishing medium or inert gas internally, and an external thermal runaway isolation system for targeted prevention and control, utilizing a quick insertion joint mechanism for quick connection and disconnection with the medium system, and wireless communication for data transmission and control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If external spraying is used for fire extinguishing, then fire control resources can be deployed, but the fire extinguishing effectiveness inside the battery pack is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the fire extinguishing approach by dividing it into external spraying (for overall fire control) and internal injection (for battery pack-specific fire extinguishing). The fire extinguishing medium is delivered through separate pathways: external nozzles for general area coverage and internal injection ports directly into the battery pack, allowing targeted intervention at the source of thermal runaway while maintaining operational simplicity through automated detection and response
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary fire extinguishing medium delivery system that bridges the gap between external fire control resources and internal battery pack protection. The system uses a fire extinguishing medium storage tank connected to both external spraying nozzles and internal injection ports, acting as an intermediary reservoir that can distribute the extinguishing medium through multiple pathways depending on the detected fire condition, thereby improving effectiveness without requiring complex manual operation
2Reliability
If wired connections are used for data transmission, then stable connection is achieved, but cable aging and manual errors occur
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces the mechanical wired connection system with a wireless communication system for data transmission between detection devices, control units, and the fire extinguishing system. Sensors and detectors communicate fire risk data, temperature readings, and system status wirelessly to the control unit, eliminating physical cables and connectors while maintaining reliable data transmission and reducing issues related to cable aging, connection failures, and manual wiring errors
3Productivity
If quick insertion joint mechanism is used, then connection speed is improved, but connection reliability may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The quick insertion joint mechanism employs dynamic sealing elements and spring-loaded locking components that automatically adjust during the connection process. As the connector approaches, springs compress and sealing elements deform to create a tight seal, then locking mechanisms engage to maintain the connection. This dynamic adaptation ensures both rapid connection and reliable, leak-proof sealing, balancing speed with connection integrity for the fire extinguishing medium delivery system
Data Source
AI summary
The present application discloses an automatic fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle parking space, including a thermal runaway isolation system, and further including a detection system, a medium system, and a fire control access system. The detection system is installed inside a battery pack of an electric vehicle and performs fire monitoring inside the battery pack. One end of the fire control access system extends into a vehicle body of the electric vehicle and is joined to the inside of the battery pack, and the other end of the fire control access system extends out of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle and is communication with the medium system. The medium system is disposed outside an electric vehicle parking space. The fire control access system includes a transfer pipe and a quick insertion joint mechanism. Existing “afterward fire extinguishing” in the technical status in the background is resolved.