EV Battery Fire Warning via Building Network Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion battery cells in hybrid and electric vehicles can be damaged by excessive charging currents or low temperatures, leading to internal short circuits and potential thermal runaway, which may result in fires, posing a risk to buildings and occupants during charging operations.
Innovation Solution
A warning system that integrates a battery management system with temperature sensors and evaluation units to detect abnormal temperature increases, triggering protective measures such as activating an extinguishing system and alarm systems within a building network, either via direct connection or wireless communication, to prevent and alert against battery fires.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If battery management system continuously monitors temperature and connects to building network, then fire detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the battery management system's temperature monitoring function with the building's existing network infrastructure. The battery management system communicates fire risk data through the building network to the central computer, merging vehicle safety functions with building management systems to improve fire detection without proportionally increasing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The building network is designed to serve multiple functions: it manages building operations and simultaneously receives fire risk alerts from the battery management system. This multi-functionality allows the same infrastructure to handle both routine building control and emergency fire detection, avoiding the need for separate dedicated fire detection hardware.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If protective measures are activated in building network, then fire damage is minimized, but loss of time for evacuation is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system activates protective measures such as extinguishing systems and alarm notifications in advance of actual fire spread. By detecting temperature anomalies and fire risks early through continuous monitoring, the system triggers preventive actions before the fire becomes uncontrollable, thereby minimizing damage while providing sufficient evacuation time.
Solution Approach 2:
The building network receives real-time fire risk data from the battery management system and provides feedback by activating protective measures. This closed-loop feedback system continuously monitors battery temperature, evaluates fire risk, and automatically responds by triggering alarms and extinguishing systems, creating a dynamic response that balances damage minimization with evacuation time requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively minimizes fire damage and provides timely warnings to occupants, ensuring safety during overnight charging operations by continuously monitoring battery characteristics and activating protective measures in case of a fire, thereby extending evacuation time and preventing spread of the fire.
Implementation Method 1
The battery management system comprises temperature sensors which reliably detect the rise in a temperature T above a particular temperature threshold Tmax
Data Source
AI summary
A warning system for detecting a battery fire in a battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle includes a battery management system. The electric or hybrid vehicle is parked at or in a building to carry out a battery charging operation. The battery management system is connected to a building network installed in the building during the charging operation either via a direct connection or via a wireless connection. The battery management system triggers or activates protective measures if a fire is detected.