EV Battery Heater Self-Powered Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles face challenges in low temperatures due to decreased battery performance and safety risks, as lithium-ion batteries deposit ions at low temperatures, leading to reduced capacity and potential internal short circuits, which limits their usage and charging capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A power system for electric vehicles that includes a battery heater connected to the battery management device, which adjusts heating power based on temperature and state of charge, using an output power adjusting module to control the heating process, ensuring the battery is heated efficiently without external power, thereby maintaining performance and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If external power sources or thermal insulation sleeves are used to heat the battery, then the battery can be warmed in fixed positions, but the method is not suitable for vehicles that are not fixed in position and requires external power supply
Solution Approach 1:
The battery heater uses the battery group itself as the power source for heating, eliminating the need for external power supplies. The battery management device controls the battery heater to heat the battery group using the battery's own electrical energy, making the system self-sufficient and adaptable to any position without requiring external infrastructure.
2Temperature
If the battery is heated at low temperature, then the battery performance can be maintained, but the discharge capability is limited and heating may not be sufficient when state of charge is low
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management device dynamically adjusts the heating power based on real-time monitoring of the battery's state of charge and temperature. When the state of charge is high, the system provides strong heating; when the state of charge is low, the system reduces or suspends heating. This dynamic control ensures optimal battery temperature maintenance while adapting to available energy levels.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the heating parameters (power level, heating duration) based on the battery's state of charge and temperature conditions. The battery management device modifies the electrical parameters of the heating process to match the battery's current state, ensuring effective heating when energy is available and preventing energy depletion when charge is low.
3Temperature
If lithium ion battery is charged at low temperature, then lithium ions deposit at the negative electrode to become dead ions, but charging is needed for vehicle operation
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management device performs preliminary heating of the battery group before charging operations when the battery temperature is below the optimal range. By pre-heating the battery to an appropriate temperature threshold before allowing charging, the system prevents lithium ion deposition and dead ion formation, ensuring safe charging conditions while enabling vehicle operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively heats the battery, maintaining performance and safety in low temperatures, allowing the electric vehicle to run and charge efficiently, reducing the restrictions on its use and ensuring safe operation.
Implementation Method 1
a battery heater 102, connected with the battery group 101, configured to charge and discharge the battery group 101 to heat the battery group 101
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3A~3B
Figure 4~5
AI summary
A power system of an electric vehicle, an electric vehicle comprising the same and a method for heating a battery group of the electric vehicle are provided. The power system comprises a battery group (101), a battery heater (102), in which the battery heater (102) comprises a output power adjusting module configure to adjust a heating power of the battery heater (102) by adjusting a charge current and/or a discharge current, a battery management device (103) configured to control the output power adjusting module to adjust the heating power of the battery heater (102) to heat the battery group (101) according to a temperature of the battery group (101) when the temperature of the battery group (101) is lower than a first heating threshold and a residual electric quantity of the battery group is larger than a parking electric quantity threshold; a motor controller (106) connected with a motor (105) and an electric distribution box (104) respectively, and an isolation inductor (L2).