EV Battery Module Management with Supervisory Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing management systems for rechargeable energy storage devices in electric vehicles lack efficient monitoring and control mechanisms to optimize battery performance and extend battery life, particularly in managing differences in cell states and pack parameters across multiple modules.
Innovation Solution
A distributed management system with embedded module management units and a supervisory controller that determines local and global parameters, enabling wireless communication and fault detection to manage individual cell operations, balance cell states, and adjust power ratings, thereby optimizing pack performance and extending battery life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a centralized management system is used for battery packs, then the system structure is simple, but it cannot effectively monitor and manage individual cell operations across multiple modules
Solution Approach 1:
The management system is divided into multiple independent module management units, each responsible for monitoring and managing a specific module. Each unit contains the necessary management functions, allowing independent operation and precise monitoring of individual cells within each module while maintaining overall system functionality.
2Measurement precision
If module management units are embedded in each module, then individual cell operations can be monitored, but communication complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A communication bus serves as an intermediary between module management units and the supervisory controller. This standardized communication interface simplifies the interaction between multiple distributed management units and the central controller, reducing communication complexity while enabling precise local parameter determination.
3Productivity
If supervisory controller determines all global pack parameters, then centralized control is maintained, but response time for individual module adjustments increases
Solution Approach 1:
Module management units are equipped with local management capabilities and can autonomously adjust their respective modules based on real-time cell conditions. This preliminary action at the module level enables rapid response to individual module needs, while the supervisory controller coordinates overall pack optimization, reducing the time lag associated with centralized control decisions.
4Ease of operation
If distributed architecture is implemented, then individual module management is improved, but system integration complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Each module management unit is designed as a universal, multi-functional component that can independently perform monitoring, management, and control functions for its respective module. This standardized universal design simplifies system integration by using identical functional units throughout, reducing integration complexity despite the distributed architecture.
Data Source
AI summary
Management system for a rechargeable energy storage device in an electric vehicle and corresponding method is disclosed. The rechargeable energy storage device has one or more battery packs each having a plurality of modules with one or more respective cells. A respective module management unit is embedded in each of the plurality of modules through respective microcircuits and configured to determine one or more local parameters. A supervisory controller is configured for two-way communication with the respective module management unit. The supervisory controller is configured to receive the local parameters, determine one or more global pack parameters based in part on the local parameters and transmit the global pack parameters back to the respective management unit. The supervisory controller is configured to control operation of the rechargeable energy storage device based in part on the global pack parameters and the local parameters.