EV Battery Power Path Control Without an Auxiliary Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
The use of auxiliary lead acid batteries in electric vehicles results in low energy density, large space occupation, and self-discharge issues, leading to operational obstacles for vehicle controllers.
Innovation Solution
A battery control system utilizing a lithium-ion battery pack as the sole power source, with switches and a battery controller to manage power paths and communicate battery information, enabling efficient operation of vehicle controllers and motors without an auxiliary battery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an auxiliary lead acid battery is used in the electric vehicle, then the vehicle controller can operate continuously, but the energy density is low and the space occupation is large
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the auxiliary lead acid battery from the electric vehicle system. By using the lithium-ion battery pack as the sole power source and implementing intelligent power management through the battery controller and communication units, the system eliminates the need for a separate auxiliary battery while maintaining continuous operation of the vehicle controller.
Solution Approach 2:
The lithium-ion battery pack is designed to perform multiple functions: it serves as both the main power source for the electric motor and the auxiliary power source for the vehicle controller and other devices. The battery controller manages power distribution to ensure the battery pack can support both high-power motor operation and low-power controller operation simultaneously or sequentially.
2Reliability
If an auxiliary lead acid battery is used in the electric vehicle, then the vehicle controller can operate continuously, but the energy density is low
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the auxiliary lead acid battery from the electric vehicle system. By using the lithium-ion battery pack as the sole power source and implementing intelligent power management through the battery controller and communication units, the system eliminates the need for a separate auxiliary battery while maintaining continuous operation of the vehicle controller.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the energy density parameter by replacing the low energy density lead acid battery with a high energy density lithium-ion battery pack. This parameter change allows the battery pack to provide sufficient energy for both the electric motor and the vehicle controller without requiring a separate auxiliary battery.
3Reliability
If an auxiliary lead acid battery is used in the electric vehicle, then the vehicle controller can operate continuously, but the self-discharge feature causes low voltage state
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the auxiliary lead acid battery from the electric vehicle system. By using the lithium-ion battery pack as the sole power source and implementing intelligent power management through the battery controller and communication units, the system eliminates the need for a separate auxiliary battery while maintaining continuous operation of the vehicle controller.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery communication unit transmits battery information (voltage, temperature, state of charge) to the vehicle communication unit, which then transmits it to the vehicle controller. This feedback mechanism allows the vehicle controller to monitor the battery pack's state of charge and adjust its operation accordingly, preventing the battery from entering a low voltage state due to self-discharge.
4Volume of moving object
If the battery pack is used as the sole power source, then the space occupation is reduced, but the power management complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the power management function into distinct components: the battery controller that manages power paths and monitors battery status, the battery communication unit that handles data transmission, and the vehicle controller that makes operational decisions. This segmentation distributes the complexity across multiple specialized components rather than concentrating it in a single system.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery communication unit acts as an intermediary between the battery controller and the vehicle controller. It transmits battery information (voltage, temperature, state of charge) to the vehicle controller and receives control signals, thereby mediating the complex power management tasks and simplifying the interface between different control systems.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery control system according to the present disclosure is for an electric vehicle including a vehicle controller connected between a first node and a second node, a vehicle communication unit operably coupled to the vehicle controller, an electric motor connected between the second node and a third node, and a battery pack connected between a fourth node and the second node. The battery control system provides a sub power path between the battery pack and the vehicle controller prior to providing a main power path from the battery pack to the electric motor, in response to receiving an ignition signal for the electric vehicle.